| Skyjack's
up-to-date database presented below offers the widest database of aviation terrorism
incidents since July 1968.
The database provides the following information
: A. General Information: This section
is vital for statistical analysis: Date marked as dd/mm/yy (which stands for day,
month (shortened version), year);airline name; type of aircraft; flight no.; type
of attack; No. of attackers (in case where the aircraft has been hijacked); number
of crew and passengers listed as: xx/yy (passengers/ crew) or total on board (crew
+ passengers, including hijackers in a case of air-hijacking or mid-air suicide
mission hijackers only). B. This section
highlights the original aircraft route, the airport at which incident took place
(in case of ground attack), destinations where the aircraft was taken and/or the
final destination. C. This section offers
an identification of terrorist organization(s). This section is vital for later
analysis of aerial terrorism modus, as well as the tendency of various organizations
to utilize aerial terrorism: which of them is most connected to this type of operation?
Is there any possible relationship between types of aerial terrorism and a specific
terrorists organization? Is the severity of incidents related to a specific terrorist
organization? In case of combined attack of two different groups, (such as the
Air France hijacking to Entebbe, by the PFLP-SC (Waddi Haddad Faction) and the
RAF(Baader -Meinhof) in 27 June, 1976, the group that most likely conducted the
attack or its dominancy was greater than the other group, is listed first.
D. Terrorist demands: this critical section highlights the objectives of the hijackers,
in a case where negotiations were taking place. In order to locate possible trends
related to aerial terrorism within particular years or decades, specific details
regarding the terrorist demands, are highlighted. In addition, this section may
highlight possible relationship between the type of organization and its demands.
E. This section describes the results, concerning casualties and injuries as well
as other relevant information. Note, that casualties and /or injured passengers,
crew or air marshals are counted. As to the latter, it is assumed that sky marshals
or uncovered in-flight security officers casualties or considered as terrorism
victims. However, a commando or police assault on an hijacked jet, causing fatalities
among them, is not considered as terrorism. Therefore, Robert Stethem murder on
board the hijacked TWA jet (June 1985) is considered as terrorism, mainly due
to the fact that he wasn't on board on duty, he wasn't wearing uniform (his identity
and role was discovered after the terrorists checked the passengers passports.
Had Stethem wearing uniform, the terrorists wouldn't needing to check Stethem
identity, and he would have been shot before the passports checking.
F:
Remarks: this section offers additional information regarding the attack, in order
to offer a wide perspective of the incident.
Date:
23 July 1968
Type of airline / aircraft: El-Al Israel Airlines, Boeing
707
Flight No.: LY426
Type of attack: Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 3
No. of passengers/crew/total: 38/10
Destination: Rome-Tel Aviv. The plane was forced to land in Algeria.
Terrorists identification: PFLP- 'Al-Assifa' ('The Storm') unit
Terrorist
demands: The release of 1200 Arab prisoners Jailed In Israel
Casualties
/ Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
*.The
first ever Palestinian terrorist hijacking for political extortion.
*. 2 of
the terrorists names were: Ali Shafik Ahmed Taha ('Captain Rafat') who would participate
4 years later in the Sabena hijacking (8 May, , 1972), and Yousef Khatib, who
would participate 4 years later in the Lufthansa hijacking (22 February, 1972)
*. The terrorists announced that the aircraft is called 'Liberation of Palestine'.
*.26 Non Israeli passengers were released upon arrival at Algeria. 22 Israeli
passengers (including crew) were held as hostages. Another 10 passengers (including
3 stewardesses) were released after 5 days.
*. 7 crew members and 5 Israeli
passengers crew members were held for 39 days in Algeria
*. After 39 days
in captivity, on 1 September, the hostages were released in exchange for 16 to
24 Arab prisoners held in Israel .
*. The aircraft was returned to Israel
by an Air-France crew.
Date: 4 November 1968
Type of airline / aircraft:
National Airlines Boeing 727
Flight No.: 186
Type of attack:
Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 1
No. of passengers/crew/total:
65
Destination: Domestic flight After take-off from New Orleans, to
Miami via Houston. The aircraft was taken to Havana (Cuba)
Terrorists identification:
'Black Nationalist Freedom Fighters'
Terrorist demands:?
Casualties
/ Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
*.The
hijacker robbed the passengers before landing
*. The hijacker identified himself
as a 'Black nationalist freedom fighter', therefore the event will be considered
as terrorism.
*.The hijacker was arrested in Cuba.
Date:
8 November 1968
Type of airline / aircraft: Olympic Airways Boeing
707
Flight No.:
Type of attack: Air hijacking
No.
of attackers: 2
No. of passengers/crew/total: 130
Destination:
En route from Paris to Athens
Terrorists identification: Italian nationals
Terrorist demands: Distributing Propaganda Leaflets
Casualties /
Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
*. The 2
hijackers declared that the hijacking was an act of opposition to the Military
Junta in Greece. The hijackers announced that the passengers were punished for
going to Greece .
Date: 26 December 1968
Type of airline / aircraft:
El-Al Boeing 707
Flight No.: LY 253
Type of attack: Ground
attack
No. of attackers: 2
No. of passengers/crew/total:
47
Destination: Bound for New York via Paris From Tel-Aviv via Athens.
The attack occurred at Athens Airport during aircraft's taxiing
Terrorists
identification: PFLP
Terrorist demands: ----
Casualties
/ Injuries: 1 Passenger murdered, and 1 stewardess injured
Incident
results /remarks:
*.Terrorists named Mahmoud Muhammad (25) and Maher Suleiman
(19)
*.The attack included firing at the El-Al aircraft, and throwing grenades
at the aircraft's engines.
*.The 2 terrorists were captured later by the Greek
officials.
Date: 18 February 1969
Type of airline / aircraft:
El-Al Boeing 720B
Flight No.: LY 432
Type of attack: Ground
attack
No. of attackers: 4
No. of passengers/crew/total:
Destination: Bound from Amsterdam for Tel-Aviv via Switzerland. The
attack occurred at Kloten Airport (Zurich), when the jet was about to takeoff
Terrorists identification: PFLP
Terrorist demands: ------
Casualties / Injuries: The trainee pilot and 3 passengers were murdered.
3 crew members were injured.
Incident results /remarks: The terrorists
were: Amina Dhabour , the first women to participate in a foreign Palestinian
terrorists attack; Mohammed Abu el-Haija; Ibrahim Youssef, and Abdul Mohsin Hassan.
*. Israeli security guard (Mordechai Rahamim) killed 1 terrorist. The other 3
terrorist were sentenced to 12 years' imprisonment .
*. The Israeli security
officer who killed the terrorist was charged in Swiss court with murder, imprisoned
for several months, later released following intensive diplomatic pressure.
*. The 3 terrorists were later released in exchange for the hijacked Swissair
jet ('The Dawson's Field', 1970)
Date:
1 March 1969
Type of airline / aircraft: Ethiopian Airlines, Boeing
707
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack: Ground sabotage
No.
of attackers: ?
No. of passengers/crew/total:
Destination:
Frankfurt airport
Terrorists identification: ELF (Eritrean Liberation
Front)
Terrorist demands: -----
Casualties / Injuries:
Several cleaning women were injured
Incident results /remarks:
*.The sabotage was a retaliation for the use of Ethiopian Airlines planes to transport
Ethiopian troops into Eritrea.
Date: 18 June 1969
Type of airline / aircraft: Ethiopian
Airlines, Boeing 707
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack: Ground
attack
No. of attackers: 3
No. of passengers/crew/total:
?
Destination: Karachi airport
Terrorists identification:
Eritrean Liberation Front (ELF)
Terrorist demands: Publicize opposition
Casualties / Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
*. The terrorists claimed that the aim of the attack was to dramatize their opposition
to Ethiopian rule in Eritrea. On 31 July, the ELF warned travellers not to fly
Ethiopian Airlines.
*. The Jet was damaged, later repaired.
Date:
29 August 1969
Type of airline / aircraft: TWA Boeing 707-331B
Flight No.: 840
Type of attack: Air hijacking
No. of
attackers: 2
No. of passengers/crew/total: 101/12
Destination:
Bound for Tel-Aviv from New- York via Rome and Athens. The plane was hijacked
over the Adriatic and forced to land in Damascus, Syria
Terrorists identification:
PFLP
Terrorist demands: Publicize opposition to Israel and America
Casualties / Injuries: All passengers were evacuated, 4 were injured.
The plane was damaged by explosives, thrown at the cockpit
Incident results
/remarks:
*.The first time where the PFLP targeted non-Israeli aircraft
* The terrorists' names: Leila Khaled (the first ever hijacking conducted by a
female terrorist) and Salim Issawi, both born in Haifa.
*. Khaled announced
that the plane had been taken over by the Che Guevara Commando Unit of the PFLP.
*. 4 Israeli passengers (women) were released on September 3, the other 2 were
released after 3 months, in exchange for 2 Syrian air force pilots held in Israel
prisoners.
Khaled announced to the passengers that no harm would be done,
including to the Israeli passengers, and that all of them would be released upon
landing
*. Khaled ordered the pilot to fly over Haifa (Israel), where she
was born, as well as ordering the Israeli airport tower to address the jet as
'Popular Front, Free Arab Palestine' instead of 'TWA 840', as well as threatening
to blow up the plane right in the airport, although she admitted that she didn't
intended to arm any of the passengers.
Date: 12 December 1969
Type of airline / aircraft:
Ethiopian Airlines, Boeing 707
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack:
Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 2
No. of passengers/crew/total:?
Destination: En route from Madrid to Addis Ababa via Asmara. The aircraft
was taken to Athens
Terrorists identification: Eritrean Liberation
Front (ELF
Terrorist demands: Hand out leaflets
Casualties
/ Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
*. The
ELF admitted that the main purpose was to hand out leaflets rather than hijacking
the aircraft.
*. The terrorists were killed by a plainclothes security guards.
Date:
12 December 1969
Type of airline / aircraft: Ethiopian Airlines, Boeing
707
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack: Air hijacking
No.
of attackers: 2
No. of passengers/crew/total: ?
Destination:
En route from Asmara to Addis Ababa.
The aircraft was taken to Athens
Terrorists identification: Eritrean Liberation Front (ELF)
Terrorist
demands: ?
Casualties / Injuries: The 2 terrorists were killed
by sky marshals
Incident results /remarks:
Date:
21 December 1969
Type of airline / aircraft: TWA Boeing 707
Flight
No.: ?
Type of attack: Air hijacking
No. of attackers:
3
No. of passengers/crew/total: ?
Destination: Athens Airport.
The aircraft was bound for Rome and New York
Terrorists identification:
PFLP
Terrorist demands:?
Casualties / Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
Failure attempt: the terrorists were
caught with guns and dynamite in their hand baggage.
*. The terrorists named
Maha Abu Khalil, 29 years old female teacher, Sami Aboud and Isam Doumidi, planned
to divert the jet to Tunis and blow it up, as a protest against America's support
for Israel. They were later released following the Olympic Airways jet hijacking
(23 July, 1970).
Date: 8 January 1970
Type of airline / aircraft: TWA Boeing 707
Flight No.: 802
Type of attack: Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 1
No.
of passengers/crew/total: 20
Destination: En route from Paris to
Rome. The aircraft was taken to Beirut
Terrorists identification:
A Frenchman named Christian Belon
Terrorist demands: ?
Casualties
/ Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
*. The
terrorist fired shots into the cockpit at Rome airport.
*. Upon arrival at
Beirut, the terrorist was quoted saying :'I did what I did to spite America and
Israel because America helps Israel and encourages Israel and her aggression.
Date: 21 February 1970
Type of airline / aircraft: Austrian
Airlines, Caravelle SE-210
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack:
Air sabotage
No. of attackers:----
No. of passengers/crew/total:
33/5
Destination: En route from Frankfurt to Tel Aviv
Terrorists
identification: PFLP-GC (Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine- General
Command of Ahmed Jibril
Terrorist demands:------
Casualties
/ Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
*. The
bomb had been packed tightly between layers of newspapers which absorbed most
of the shock, enabling the jet to land with no casualties
Date:
21 February 1970
Type of airline / aircraft: Swissair, Convair-990A
Flight No.: 330
Type of attack: Air sabotage
No. of attackers:
-----
No. of passengers/crew/total: 38/9
Destination: Bound
for Tel Aviv from Zurich
Terrorists identification: PFLP-GC (Popular
Front for the Liberation of Palestine- General Command of Ahmed Jibril
Terrorist
demands: -----
Casualties / Injuries: All 47 passengers and crew
were murdered.
Incident results /remarks:
The first ever mid-air
bombing conducted by terrorists.
*.The aircraft slammed into a forest 15 miles
north-west of the airport.
*. The bomb detonator had been set to activate
upon reaching a specified altitude.
Date:
31 March 1970
Type of airline / aircraft: Japan Airlines (JAL) Boeing
727
Flight No.: 351
Type of attack: Air hijacking
No.
of attackers: 9
No. of passengers/crew/total: 138
Destination:
Domestic flight from Tokyo to Fukuoka.
The aircraft landed at Fukuoka, Kimpo,
then finally taken to North Korea
Terrorists identification: Japanese
Red Army (JRA) students headed by Takamoro Tamiya
Terrorist demands:
?
Casualties / Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
*.23 passengers including 12 children and 10 women were released after refueling
at Fukuoka
*.The purpose of diverting the jet to Pyongyang was to set up a
base for 'world wide revolution', as well as expressing solidarity with North
Korea as well as drawing attention to the economic and political collusion of
Japan with the US
*.One of the hijackers was Tekishi Okomoto, whose brother,
Kozo Okomoto, would 2 years later lead the attack at Lod airport (30 May 1972).
*.This incident marked Japan's first Hijacking as well as the first dramatic attack
by the JRA.
*.Since the JRA is a political- revolutionary oriented movement,
the incident has a political orientation. According to one of the captive passengers,
the terrorists claimed that '… they would create a new revolution and start a
new world'
*.The terrorists were equipped with Samurai swords.
*. The
terrorists were given political asylum
Date: 24 May 1970
Type of airline / aircraft: Compania
Mexicana de Aviacion, Boeing 727
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack:
Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 4
No. of passengers/crew/total:
79
Destination: En route from Merida to Mexico City
Terrorist identification:
Unknown
Terrorist demands: ?
Casualties / Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
*. The hijackers' motive was political:
revenge at the Mexican authorities for killing a Guatemalan guerrilla leader 2
years earlier
Date: 22 June 1970
Type of airline / aircraft: Pan-Am
Boeing 707
Flight No.:PA 119
Type of attack: Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 1
No. of passengers/crew/total: 143
Destination: En route from Beirut to Rome. The aircraft was taken to Cairo
Terrorists identification: Freelance supporter of Palestinians, named
Haxhi H. Xhaferi
Terrorist demands: -----
Casualties / Injuries:
No casualties.
Incident results /remarks:
*. The terrorist declared
he was protesting against American imperialism in Vietnam
Date: 1 July 1970
Type of airline / aircraft: Brazilian
Services Aereos Cruzeiro do Sul- SA Caravelle
Flight No.: ?
Type
of attack: Ground hijacking
No. of attackers: 4
No. of passengers/crew/total:
34/3
Destination: En route from Rio de Janeiro to Sao Paulo
Terrorists
identification: ALN(Alianca Libertadora Nacional
Terrorist demands:
The release of the jailed hijackers' terrorist colleagues
Casualties /
Injuries:.The pilot was shot in both legs
*The terrorists were overpowered
at Rio de Janeiro
Incident results /remarks:
* The aircraft was
intended to be taken to Cuba.
*. Since the hijackers' motive was to hold the
passengers as hostages in exchange for jailed terrorists, this event is considered
as terrorism.
Date: 22 July 1970
Type of airline / aircraft: Olympic
Airways, Boeing 727
Flight No.: 255
Type of attack: Air
hijacking
No. of attackers: 6
No. of passengers/crew/total:
61
Destination: En route from Beirut to Athens. The aircraft was taken
to Cairo
Terrorists identification: PFLP
Terrorist demands:
The release of 7 terrorists, jailed in Greece.
Casualties / Injuries:
No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
*.The weapons were smuggled
on board by the cleaners at Beirut airport
*. The terrorists' demand to release
their colleagues jailed in Athens following previous attacks on the Israeli airline
on 26 December 1968; the attempted hijacking of the TWA airliner on 21 December,
1968, and for the attack on the El-Al office in Athens.
*. The terrorists
threatened to blow-up the aircraft with the hostages if their demands weren't
met. Among the hijackers: a female named Mona
*.The passengers were released
after the 7 terrorists were set free.
*. The aircraft landed at Cairo, after
Beirut's refusal to permit landing after the Israeli attack at Beirut airport
on 28 December,1968 .
Date: 2 August 1970
Type of airline / aircraft: Pan
-Am Boeing 747
Flight No.: PA 299
Type of attack: Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 1
No. of passengers/crew/total: 376
Destination: En route from New York to San Juan. The aircraft was taken
to Cuba
Terrorists identification: Puerto-Rican nationalist
Terrorist
demands: Seeking Independence for Puerto Rico
Casualties / Injuries:
No casualties.
Incident results /remarks:
*. The first hijacked
Jumbo jet that was taken to Cuba.
*.The terrorist, Rudolfo Rivera Rios, claimed
that the Hijacking was for the purpose of dramatizing the cause of Puerto Rico
independence.
*.The terrorist was sentenced to life in prison.
Date:
6 September 1970' Hijack Sunday'
Type of airline / aircraft: TWA-Boeing
707
Flight No.: 741
Type of attack: Air hijacking
No.
of attackers: 2
No. of passengers/crew/total: 141/14
Destination:
Bound For New-York from Tel Aviv via Frankfurt. The aircraft was hijacked over
Belgium, and taken to Dawson Field, Jordan
Terroristsidentification: PFLP
Terrorist demands: Release of their group's members held in various jails
of the hijacked aircrafts' nations and in West Germany (following the Munich airport
attack)
Casualties / Injuries: No casualties
Incident results
/remarks:
*.The aircraft was taken to Dawson's Field (Jordan), named after
the local commander (1948) Air Chief Marshal Sir Walter Dawson.
*. Dawson's
Field was chosen mainly due to the fact that this area was controlled by Palestinians.
This event would later evolve into the creation of the Black September Organization-
BSO). Another reason for choosing Dawson's Field was the PFLP assumption that
by choosing Dawson field, an isolated airstrip,it would be difficult to launch
a rescue operation by the affected states.
*. The remained hostages were split
into groups and held in Jordanian refugees camps, for the purpose of preventing
their release in case of a military operation conducted by the Jordanians and
/or by the affected states.
*. The field was renamed 'Revolutionary Airport'
by the terrorists.
*. The aircraft were destroyed by explosives (12/9)
Date: 6 September 1970 ' Hijack Sunday'
Type of airline / aircraft:
Swiss-Air DC-8
Flight No.: 100
Type of attack: Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 3
No. of passengers/crew/total: 143/12
Destination: En route from Zurich to New-York. The aircraft was taken to
Dawson Field, Jordan.
Terrorists identification: PFLP
Terrorist
demands: Release of their group members held in various jails of the hijacked
aircraft's nations.
Casualties / Injuries: No casualties
Incident
results /remarks:
*.The terrorists hijacked the Swiss jet for the purpose
of releasing their comrades jailed in Switzerland for previous attack an the Israeli
airliner at Zurich airport (February 1969)
*.1 terrorist was a female.
*.The aircraft was taken to Dawson's Field (Jordan)
*. On 7 September, 127
women and children were released, except for Jewish-sound surname.
*. The
aircraft was destroyed by explosives (12/9)
Date: 6 September 1970 ' Hijack Sunday'
Type of airline
/ aircraft: El-Al Boeing 707
Flight No.: LY 219
Type of
attack: Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 2
No. of passengers/crew/total:
145/10
Destination: En route from Tel Aviv to New- York via Amsterdam
Terrorists identification: PFLP+
Nicaraguan comrade named Patrick
Arguello, a member of the Sandinistas terror group
Terrorist demands:
Release of their group members held in various jails of the hijacked aircraft's
nations.
Casualties / Injuries: 1 Israeli air steward, Shlomo Vider
was shot and badly wounded, but later recovered
Incident results /remarks:
*. Failure attempt:
The hijackers' aim was to hijack 3 aircraft simultaneously.
*. The terrorists aim was to bring the El-Al jet to Jordan, together with
another 2 hijacked western aircraft.
*. Khaled and her colleague, Patrick
Arguello, a 27 year old Nicaraguan citizen(born in San Francisco) presented a
Hunduran Passports, under the name of Maria Sanchez, managed smuggle pistol and
3 grenades despite the security check.
*.4 terrorists planned to hijack the
El-Al aircraft .Only 2 were allowed to board. Khaled and her companion did not
know that their 2 Senegal diplomatic-passports holders colleagues (who bought
last minute first class tickets) were not allowed to board the jet following Israeli
security officer suspicious.
*. An Israeli security officer (Moti Bar-Levav)
shot dead Patrick Arguello.Khaled was fainted after the captain diverted the jet
into negative G.The captain's order later was not to shoot her.
*. The sky
marshals were smuggled from onto other El-Al jet that was bound for Tel Aviv and
that time was at Heathrow airport.
Date: 6 September 1970 ' Hijack Sunday'
Type of airline
/ aircraft: Pan-Am Boeing 747
Flight No.: PA93
Type of attack:
Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 2
No. of passengers/crew/total:
153/17
Destination: En route from Brussels to Amsterdam. The aircraft
was taken to Beirut for refueling.
Terrorists identification: PFLP
Terrorist demands: Release of their group members held in various jails
of the hijacked aircraft's nations.
Casualties / Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
*. The 2 terrorists, named S?mi Abraham
and Ali Assayed Ali, who were not allowed to board the El-Al jet, were transferred
to the Pan-Am Jumbo jet bound for New-York and hijacked it after a stop-over at
Amsterdam.
*. The Pan-Am Jumbo jet 747 was forced to land at Cairo, due to
the difficulty in landing this huge jet at Dawson, then blown-up after evacuating
all passengers.
*. Another reason for taking the Jumbo-jet to Cairo as well
as blowing it up with explosives, was symbolic: protest against Egyptian acceptance
of the US proposal for a peace initiative .
Date: 9 September 1970 ' Hijack Sunday'
Type of airline
/ aircraft: BOAC (British Overseas Airways Corporation)VC-10
Flight
No.: 775
Type of attack: Air hijacking
No. of attackers:
3
No. of passengers/crew/total: 105/9
Destination: En route
from Bombay to London. The aircraft was taken to Dawson Field, Jordan
Terrorists
identification: PFLP
Terrorist demands: Release of their group
members held in various jails of the hijacked aircraft's nations + Leila Khaled
and Arguello's body
Casualties / Injuries: No casualties
Incident
results /remarks:
*.Since there was no British citizen among other aircraft
hostages, the PFLF decided to hijack a British jet, for the purpose of releasing
Leila Khaled.
*.The aircraft was taken to Dawson's Field (Jordan)
*. The
aircraft was destroyed by explosives(12/9)
*.All nations whose aircraft were
hijacked agreed to release 7 jailed terrorists (including Leila Khaled) and Arguello's
body in exchange for the aircraft hostages
Date: 22 October 1970
Type of airline / aircraft:
Lineas Areas Costaricenses SA,
C-46
Flight No.: ?
Type
of attack: Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 6
No. of passengers/crew/total:
44
Destination: Domestic flight
From Limon to San Jose. The aircraft
was taken to Cuba
Terrorists identification: FSLN
Terrorist
demands: Release of 4 Nicaraguan guerrillas
Casualties / Injuries:
No casualties
Incident results /remarks: *. Among the terrorists-
1 woman
*. The 4 prisoners were released and flown to Cuba with the terrorists.
Date: 22 January 1971
Type of airline / aircraft: Ethiopian
Airlines, DC-3
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack: Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 4
No. of passengers/crew/total: 23
Destination: Domestic flight
From Bahir Dar to Gondar.The aircraft
was taken to Libya
Terrorists identification: Arab Liberation Front
for Eritrea (ALFE)
Terrorist demands: Hand out leaflets
Casualties
/ Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
Date:
30 January 1971
Type of airline / aircraft: Indian Airlines Fokker
F-27,
Flight No.: 422
Type of attack: Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 2
No. of passengers/crew/total: 28/4
Destination:
En route from Srinagar and Jammu. The aircraft was taken Lahore (Pakistan
Terrorists identification: Jammu and Kashmir Liberation Front (JKLF
Terrorist demands: The release of 36 KLF prisoners jailed in Kashmir
Casualties / Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
*. The first hijacking of Indian airliner
*. Terrorists' names: Hashim Quershi
and Mohammed Ashraf
*.Following this incident India closed its aerial space
to Pakistani air transport.
*.All passengers were released upon arrival at
Lahore, but not the cargo. On February 2, the aircraft was set on fire.
*.
The terrorists were given political shelter in Pakistan, then received awards
by Pakistani government. Later they were jailed in accusation of being 'Indian
spies'.
Date: 28 July 1971
Type of airline / aircraft: El-Al,
Boeing 707
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack: Air sabotage
No. of attackers: -------
No. of passengers/crew/total: ?
Destination: En route from Rome to Tel Aviv
Terrorists identification:
PFLP-GC
Terrorist demands: -----
Casualties / Injuries:
No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
Failure attempt: the terrorists
exploited an innocent girl to load a suitcase with explosives onto the aircraft
Date: 1 September 1971
Type of airline / aircraft: El-Al,
Boeing 707
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack: Air sabotage
No. of attackers:
No. of passengers/crew/total: ?
Destination:
En route from London to Tel Aviv
Terrorists identification: PFLP-GC
Terrorist demands: -------
Casualties / Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
Failure attempt: the terrorists exploited
an unwitting Peruvian girl to load a bomb hidden in a cake onto the aircraft.
Date: 23 August 1971
Type of airline / aircraft: Alia-Royal
Jordanian Airlines, Boeing 707
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack:
Air sabotage
No. of attackers: -------
No. of passengers/crew/total:
?
Destination: En route from Amman to Madrid via Istanbul
Terrorists
identification: Fatah
Terrorist demands:-------
Casualties
/ Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
*.The
attack was a retaliation for King Hussein's acts against the Palestinians in Jordan.
*.The bomb exploded after landing at Madrid, damaging the tail fuselage.
*.
It was suspected that the bomb was intended to go off in mid-air, aiming to cause
the murder of Hussein's Mother, Queen Mother Zien, who disembarked at Istanbul.
Date: 8 September 1971
Type of airline / aircraft: Alia-Royal
Jordanian Airlines, Caravelle
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack:
Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 1
No. of passengers/crew/total:
?
Destination: En route from Beirut to Amman. The jet was diverted
to Libya
Terrorists identification: Fatah
Terrorist demands:
?
Casualties / Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
*.The terrorist, named Mohammed Jaber, served as a Lieutenant in the Fatah movement.
*. The terrorist was given asylum in Libya.
Date: 16 September 1971
Type of airline / aircraft:
Alia-Royal Jordanian Airlines, Caravelle
Flight No.: ?
Type
of attack: Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 1
No. of passengers/crew/total:
?
Destination: En route from Beirut to Amman
Terrorists identification:
Fatah
Terrorist demands: ?
Casualties / Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
*.Failure attempt: The 17 year old
terrorist, named Hilal Abdel Kader Ali wanted to divert the jet to Iraq. He was
seized on board by a sky marshal.
Date: 4 October 1971
Type of airline / aircraft: Alia-Royal
Jordanian Airlines, Caravelle
Flight No.:?
Type of attack:
Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 2
No. of passengers/crew/total:
?
Destination: Bound for Amman from Beirut
Terrorists identification:
Fatah
Terrorist demands: ?
Casualties / Injuries: No casualties.
Incident results /remarks:
*.Failure attempt: The sky marshal
overpowered the terrorists, one of them- a female.
Date: 26 January 1972
Type of airline / aircraft:
Jugoslovenski Aerotransport, DC-9
Flight No.: 364
Type of attack:
Air sabotage
No. of attackers: ------
No. of passengers/crew/total:
22/6
Destination: En route from Stockholm to Zagreb via Copenhagen
Terrorists identification: Croatian National Movement
Terrorist
demands: ------
Casualties / Injuries: 27 passengers and crew were
murdered. Only 1 Stewardess had survived (Vensa Vulovic)
Incident results
/remarks: The Croatian separatists claimed responsibility
Date: 19 February 1972
Type of airline / aircraft:
Royal Jordanian Airlines, Caravelle
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack:
Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 1
No. of passengers/crew/total:
?
Destination: En route from Cairo to Amman
Terrorists identification:
The Jordanian National Liberation Movement.
Terrorist demands: No casualties
Casualties / Injuries:?
Incident results /remarks: *.Failure
attempt: The sky marshal overpowered the terrorist.
Date: 22 February 1972
Type of airline / aircraft:
Lufthansa Boeing 747
Flight No.: 649
Type of attack: Air
hijacking
No. of attackers: 5
No. of passengers/crew/total:
172/14
Destination: En route from New Delhi to Frankfurt. The jet was
taken to Aden
Terrorists identification: Palestinians (Organization
of Victims of Zionist Occupation)
Terrorist demands: Release of 15
Jordanians under arrest in West Germany, and $ 5 Million ransom.
Casualties
/ Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
*.The
5 terrorists boarded at several airports: the first at Hong Kong; 2 more at Bangkok
; the last 2 at Delhi.
*. The skyjack leader was Yousef Khatib, who was one
of the 3 who hijacked the El-Al Boeing 707 (July 1968).Another hijacker was Rifaat
Kamal, who participated in the El-Al hijacking and in the Sabena hijacking (8
May, 1972).
*. All passengers were released, Women and children were released
first.
*. Israel released 15 Palestinians in exchange for the hostages. The
terrorists were paid $ 5 million by German authorities in exchange for the aircraft.
Date: 3 May 1972
Type of airline / aircraft: Turkish Airlines,
DC-9
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack: Air hijacking
No.
of attackers: 4
No. of passengers/crew/total: 61
Destination:
Domestic flight En route from Ankara to Istanbul. The aircraft was taken to Sofia
Terrorists identification: TPLA:
Turkish Liberation Army (Nationalist
Terrorists group
Terrorist demands: Release of 3 prisoners in Turkey
Casualties / Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
The hijackers surrendered after landing at Sofia, where they were granted political
asylum
Date: 8 May 1972
Type of airline / aircraft: Sabena,
Boeing 707
Flight No.: 572
Type of attack: Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 4
No. of passengers/crew/total: 99/10
Destination: En route from Brussels to Tel -Aviv via Vienna
Terrorists
identification: Release of 317 Arab prisoners held in Israeli jails
Terrorist
demands: Release of 317 Arab prisoners held in Israeli jails
Casualties
/ Injuries: 1 passenger -Mary Holzberg
(22) was killed following the
release operation, 2 passengers were injured.
*.2 male terrorists were killed,
another female (Halsa) was injured.
Incident results /remarks:
*. 2 terrorists who were females, named Rima Issa Tannous (21), born in Bethlehem
and Terese Halsa (19), born in Acre, daughter of a middle- class Arab family was
a nursing student when she was required to the PFLP) ,who were responsible for
smuggling the weapon on board. The other 2 terrorists were: Abdel Aziz al Atrash
(33,'Zacharia') from Beit Sahour near th city of Bethlehem; and the group leader
Ali Taha Abu Snina (45,'Captain Kamal Riffat'),originally from Jerusalem who participated
in the El-Al hijacking to Algiers (23 July, 1968) and the Lufthansa hijacking
to Aden(February 1972).
*. The terrorists used fake Lebanese Italian, and
Israeli passports.
*.The Captain (Reginald Levy) tried to shoot at Rifat with
Rifat's gun, but failed to do so due to the safety catch
*.The terrorist were
equipped with Semtex bomb, which is considered as the first event where this kind
of explosive was discovered in the west.
*.Israeli elite unit ('Sayeret Matkal')
stormed the aircraft ('Isotope operation'), and released the passengers, capturing
the 2 female terrorists who were sentenced to 220 years each in prison. Tanus
was released after seven years following prisoners exchange, Halsa was released
after 11 years
Date: 16 August 1972
Type of airline / aircraft: El-Al
Boeing 707
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack: Air sabotage
No. of attackers: ------
No. of passengers/crew/total: 140/8
Destination: En route from Rome to Tel-Aviv.
Terrorists identification:
PFLP-GC
Terrorist demands: ------
Casualties / Injuries:
No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
Failure attempt: The bomb,
equipped with barometric detonator exploded over Rome, failing to bomb the jet,
since it belly containers were strengthen, making them blast-resistant.
*.
200 grams of explosive hidden in a record player.
*. Damage to the rear door
and hole in the baggage compartment
*. The record player bomb was given to
2 unwitting English women passengers.
*. The PFLP-GC member Marwan Khreesat
was convicted.
Date: 15 September 1972
Type of airline / aircraft:
Scandinavian Air Services airline (SAS), DC-9
Flight No.:?
Type
of attack: Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 3
No. of passengers/crew/total:
80
Destination: En route from Goteborg to Stockholm. The aircraft was
taken to Madrid
Terrorists identification: Croatian terrorists
Terrorist demands: The release of 7 jailed Croatian Nationalists and ransom
Casualties / Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
The 7 terrorists were released. They were flown to Spain with the 3 hijackers
.
Date: 22 October 1972
Type of airline / aircraft: Turkish
Airlines, Boeing 727
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack: Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 4
No. of passengers/crew/total: 67/9
Destination: Domestic flight En route from Istanbul to Ankara. The aircraft
was taken to Sofia.
Terrorists identification: ?
Terrorist
demands: The release of 13 political prisoners jailed in Turkey and demand
for instituted reforms
Casualties / Injuries: One pilot and one passenger
were injured
Incident results /remarks:
Since the terrorists demands
were releasing prisoners as well as implementing reforms, it seems that this incident
had a political motivation.
Date: 29 October 1972
Type of airline / aircraft:
Lufthansa, Boeing 727
Flight No.: 615
Type of attack: Air
hijacking
No. of attackers: 2
No. of passengers/crew/total:
13/7
Destination: En route from Damascus to Frankfurt to Munich. The
jet was diverted to Zagreb.
Terrorists identification: Black September
Terrorist demands: The release of the 3 Black September members who
had survived the Munich Olympics attack
Casualties / Injuries: No
casualties.
Incident results /remarks:
*.The hijackers were Kassem
Saleh from Yemen, and Samir El Shahed from Oman.
*.The terrorists threatened
to divert the jet to Tel-Aviv or Munich and blow it up if their demands weren't
met..
*.The 3 jailed terrorists: Abdel Kadir El Dnawy;Ibrahim Badran and Abdullah
Samir were released and flown to Zagreb, then to Libya
Date: 8 November 1972
Type of airline / aircraft:
Compania Mexicana de Aviacion, Boeing 727
Flight No.: 705
Type
of attack: Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 4
No. of passengers/crew/total:
104/7
Destination: Domestic flight from Monterey to Mexico city
Terrorists identification: Armed Communist League
Terrorist demands:
The release of 5 of their terrorists colleagues held in prison+ dropping charges
against two other fugitives who joined them, 4 million pesos ($ 330,000) and automatic
weapons and a doctor to assists a wounded prisoner
Casualties / Injuries:
No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
*. Their demands were
fulfilled.
*. The 4 terrorists and their 5 colleagues flew to Cuba.
Date:
8 December 1972
Type of airline / aircraft: Ethiopian Airlines, Boeing
720B
Flight No.: 708
Type of attack: Air hijacking
No.
of attackers: 7
No. of passengers/crew/total: 94
Destination:
En route from Addis Ababa to Paris via Asmara
Terrorists identification:
Arab Liberation Front for Eritrea (ALFE)
Terrorist demands: Release
of group members jailed in Ethiopia
Casualties / Injuries: 9 passengers
were injured following a hand grenade explosion caused by a passenger who threw
the grenade to the empty part of the cabin after it had fallen from a wounded
hijacker's hand.
*.All the terrorists were killed, of them- 2 were women
Incident results /remarks:
*. The aircraft landed safely in Addis Ababa.
Date: 9 April 1973
Type of airline / aircraft: Arkia (Israel
charter Airline) Viscount 800
Flight No.:?
Type of attack:
Ground attack
No. of attackers: 4
No. of passengers/crew/total:
?
Destination: Nicosia airport Cyprus
Terrorists identification:
ANYLP(Arab Nationalist Youth for the Liberation of Palestine)
Terrorist
demands: -----
Casualties / Injuries: No casualties.
Incident
results /remarks:
*.The terrorists crashed through the gates , driving
on the tarmac in 2 cars, shooting at the Arkia aircraft with machine guns. All
the passengers had already disembarked.
*. 2 terrorists were killed, the others
were captured.
*. The aircraft was damaged following a collision with the
terrorists' jeep .
Date: 18 May 1973
Type of airline / aircraft: AVENSA
Convair 580
Flight No.:?
Type of attack: Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 4
No. of passengers/crew/total: 37/5
Destination:
Domestic flight
From Velera to Barquisime. The aircraft was taken to Cuba
via Mexico city
Terrorists identification: People's Revolutionary
Army (Zero Point) , a Left -Wing group
Terrorist demands: Release of
79 political members from Venezuelan jails.
Casualties / Injuries:
No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
*. Among the 4 terrorists-
one was a woman.
*The terrorists were given political asylum
Date:
20 July 1973
Type of airline / aircraft: Japan Airlines-Boeing 747
Flight No.: 404
Type of attack: Air hijacking
No. of
attackers: 5
No. of passengers/crew/total: 155
Destination:
En route from Paris to Tokyo and Anchorage via Amsterdam. The aircraft was taken
to Dubai, than to Benghazi in Libya (July 24)
Terroristsidentification: Japan
Red Army (JRA) and Palestinians
1 of them- a female
Terrorist demands:
The release of Kozo Okomoto of the Lod Massacre+ $ 5 million ransom
Casualties
/ Injuries: The flight Purser was injured.
Incident results /remarks:
*. Accidental explosion of the explosive device caused the death of the female
hijacker and injured the Purser and smashing one of the cabin windows.
*.
All passengers were released,then the aircraft was destroyed.
*. The attack
was a retaliation against Japan, for paying Israel some compensation following
the Japanese red army attack ('Lod Massacre' (30 May 1972), and protesting against
'Imperialism'.
*. The 5 terrorists were released by the Libyan authorities.
Date: 5 September 1973
Type
of airline / aircraft: El-Al, Boeing 707
Flight No.: ?
Type
of attack: MANPADS attack
No. of attackers: 5
No. of passengers/crew/total:?
Destination: Fiumicino Airport (Rome
Terrorists identification:
'Black September'
Terrorist demands: ------
Casualties / Injuries:
No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
Failure attempt:
Intelligence foiled the planned attack: Italian police raided a flat overlooking
the airport runway and arrested 5 Palestinians who were caught just as they were
about to launch SA-7 rocket at El-Al jet, taxiing into position for take-off.
*.This is the first reported attempt to use MANPADS against a civilian aircraft
*. One of the terrorists was Amin al Hindi, now days executive official of the
Palestinian Authority.
*. The El-Al captain jet was Uri Bar-Lev, who was captain
of the El-Al flight 219 jet that was planned to be hijacked on September, 6, 1970.
Date: 25 November 1973
Type of airline / aircraft: KLM, Boeing
747
Flight No.: 861
Type of attack: Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 4
No. of passengers/crew/total: 247/17
Destination: Bound from Beirut to New Delhi. The aircraft was taken to
Syria, Cyprus, Libya and Malta,
Terrorists identification: Arab Nationalist
Youth for the Liberation of Palestine
Terrorist demands: The release
of their terrorist members jailed in Cyprus as well as stopping Dutch assistance
to Israel
Casualties / Injuries: No casualties
Incident results
/remarks:
*. All passengers were released.
*. The terrorists received
safe passage guarantee from Dubai.
Date: 17 December 1973 'Double attack'
Type of airline
/ aircraft: Pan-Am Boeing 707
Flight No.: PA 110
Type of
attack: Ground attack
No. of attackers: 5
No. of passengers/crew/total:
69
Destination: Fiumicino airport
The aircraft was bounded to
Tehran via Beirut
Terrorists identification: Arab Nationalist Youth
for the Liberation of Palestine
Terrorist demands: -----
Casualties
/ Injuries: 30 passengers were murdered and 18 injured
Incident results
/remarks:
*. The terrorists opened fire and threw grenades through the
aircraft's open doors.
*. The aircraft was completely destroyed.
Date:
17 December 1973 'Double attack'
Type of airline / aircraft: Lufthansa
Boeing 737
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack: Ground hijacking
No. of attackers: 5
No. of passengers/crew/total: ?
Destination:
En route from Rome to Munich.
The aircraft was forced to fly to Athens, then
to Damascus, then to Kuwait
Terrorists identification: Arab Nationalist
Youth for the Liberation of Palestine
Terrorist demands: The release
of 2 Palestinians terrorists jailed in Greece.
Casualties / Injuries:
2 passengers were murdered during the ground attack, another passenger was murdered
during taxiing, his body dumped on the Athens airport runway.
*.1 Italian
customs agent was shot, later died.
Incident results /remarks:
The terrorists surrendered later after arriving at Kuwait. They were released
in exchange for hijacked British Airways jet.
*. Following the terrorists'
interrogation, they revealed that the original plan was to assassinate the UN
Secretary General K. Waldheim and Henry Kissinger, who were supposed to be arriving
at Beirut Airport.
Date: 3 March 1974
Type of airline / aircraft: British
Airways, VC-10
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack: Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 2
No. of passengers/crew/total: 92/10
Destination: En route from Bombay to London via Beirut. The aircraft was
taken to Schiphol airport (Amsterdam)
Terrorists identification: Arab
Nationalist Youth for the Liberation of Palestine
Terrorist demands:
Drawing attention to the Palestinian issue
Casualties / Injuries:.
No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
*.After planting explosives,
the terrorists blown up the aircraft
*.The PLO denied any responsibility
for this operation.
Date: 15 July 1974
Type of airline / aircraft: Japan
Airlines, DC-8
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack: Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 1
No. of passengers/crew/total: 89
Destination:
Domestic flight From Osaka to Tokyo
Terrorists identification: JRA
Terrorist demands: The release of JRA leader Takaya Shiomi, and taking
him and the leader to North Korea
Casualties / Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
*. The passengers evacuated the jet
during refuel at Nagoya Airport, Japan, not before capturing the hijacker.
Date: ) 7 September 1974
Type of airline / aircraft: TWA, Boeing
707
Flight No.: 841
Type of attack: Air sabotage
No.
of attackers: -------
No. of passengers/crew/total: 79/9
Destination:
Bound for New-York via Athens, from Tel Aviv
Terrorists identification:
PFLP-GC
Terrorist demands: ------
Casualties / Injuries:
88 passengers and crew were murdered
Incident results /remarks:
*. The aircraft was blown up over the Ionian Sea.
*. The bomb had been put
aboard at Athens, and was detonated in the aft cargo compartment.
Date:
22 November 1974
Type of airline / aircraft: British Airways, VC-10
Flight No.: BA 870
Type of attack: Ground hijacking
No.
of attackers: 4
No. of passengers/crew/total: 22/13
Destination:
En route from London to Brunei, via Dubai, where the aircraft was hijacked. The
aircraft was taken to Libya, then Tunisia
Terrorists identification:
Abu Nidal (ANO))
Terrorist demands: Release of 13 Palestinians held
in Egyptian and Netherland's jails
Casualties / Injuries: 1 passenger
German passenger named Werner Gustav Kehl was murdered. Another Indian air hostess
was shot and injured.
Incident results /remarks:
*. The Tunisian
government released 13 terrorists held in Egypt, and another 2 held in the Netherlands
for previous British-Airways VC-10 hijacking (March 1974)
*. All 15 terrorists
surrendered upon arrival at Tunis. the Tunisian authorities handed them to the
PLO, who denied any links to the hijackers.
Date: 13 January 1975
Type of airline / aircraft:
El-Al Boeing 707
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack: Ground attack
No. of attackers: 2
No. of passengers/crew/total: 136/7
Destination: 'Orly' Airport (France). The aircraft was bounded for New-York.
Terrorists identification: Black September /'Mohammed Boudia Commando'
and Carlos 'The Jackal'
Terrorist demands: ------
Casualties
/ Injuries: 3 passengers of the JAT DC-9 aircraft suffered injuries. No casualties
or victims among the Israeli jet..
Incident results /remarks:
*. The first time where rockets (RPG-7) were fired at an aircraft by terrorists.
*. Carlos the Jackal and Johannes Weinrich were the terrorists who fired the rockets
at the El-Al aircraft sitting on the tarmac at Orly airport
*. The rockets
struck a Yugoslavian airliner- DC-9.
*. A phone call to the Reuters news agency
in Paris claimed that the attack was conducted by the 'Mohamed Boudia Commando',
another call to the Agence France Presse office in Beirut said that the Black
September had conducted the attack.
*.Boudia was the PFLP chief operative
in Paris, and was assassinated by Israeli intelligence service ('Mossad') .
Date: 25 January 1976
Type of airline / aircraft: El-Al, Boeing
707
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack: MANPADS attack
No.
of attackers: 6
No. of passengers/crew/total: 100
Destination:
During a stopover at Nairobi's Embakasi International Airport from Johannesburg
to Tel Aviv
Terrorists identification: PFLP-Waddi Haddad Faction +
Baader Meinhof
Terrorist demands: ------
Casualties / Injuries:
No casualties.
Incident results /remarks:
*.Failure attempt:
Intelligence foiled the planned attack. The missiles were SA-7 (Strella), positioned
under a tree outside the airports perimeter
*. The Baader Meinhof members
(one of them- a female) were Thomas Reuter and Brigitte Shcultz, both were holding
fake Cyprus passports
*.The six terrorists (of them two Badder -meinhof members
who were requited by the PFLP and were given the names of Slava and Hassan), were
brought to Israel for trial.
Date: 7 April 1976
Type of airline / aircraft: Philippine
Airlines (PAL),BAC One -Eleven
Flight No.:?
Type of attack:
Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 3
No. of passengers/crew/total:
72
Destination: Domestic flight
Cagay de Oro to Mactan. The aircraft
was taken to Kuala Lampur and Bangkok.
Terrorists identification: Moro
National Liberation Front (MNLF)
Terrorist demands: Release of political
prisoners and $ 300,000 ransom
Casualties / Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
*. The MNLF is a Muslim oriented organization,
fighting in the Southern Philippines since 1972.
*. The terrorists released
the passengers at Manila airport except 11 crew members and PAL vice president
*. The terrorists flew in another PAL aircraft (DC-8)from Pakistan to Libya.
Date: 21 May 1976
Type of airline / aircraft: Philippine Airlines
(PAL),BAC One -Eleven
Flight No.: PAL 116
Type of attack:
Air hijacking
No. of attackers:6
No. of passengers/crew/total:
97/6
Destination: Domestic flight
Davao to Manila. The terrorists
forced the pilot to fly to Zamboanga (Philippines)
Terrorists identification:
Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF)
Terrorist demands: 375,000 $
ransom and another aircraft for the purpose of flying to Libya
Casualties
/ Injuries: 16 passengers were murdered + 19 injured
Incident results
/remarks:
*.14 women and children and other 2 passengers and 1 cabin attendant
were released
*. Special anti hijack force (AVESCOM) stormed the aircraft
*. The terrorists threw hand grenades, causing the massive casualties. 3 terrorists
were killed
*. The terrorists managed to smuggle their weapons in their clothing.
Date: 27 June 1976 'Operation Thunder ball'
Type of airline / aircraft:
Air-France Airbus A-300
Flight No.: 139
Type of attack:
Air hijacking
No. of attackers:4
No. of passengers/crew/total:
247/12
Destination: Tel-Aviv bound to Paris via Athens.
The aircraft
was taken to Benghazi and then to Entebbe.
Terrorists identification:
PFLP -Waddi Hadad Faction with Rote Armee Faction (RAF), headed by Wilfred Boese
Terrorist demands: Release of their 53 accomplices held in jails In
Israel, Germany, Switzerland, Kenya and France, including the 5 terrorists involved
in the January 25 planned MANPADS attack at Nairobi Airport
Casualties
/ Injuries: 3 passengers and the Israeli commander Yonatan Netanyahu were
killed.
*. 1 soldier was badly wounded and remained invalid (Surin Hershko)
*.Another hostage, Dora Bloch was murdered later by Ugandan soldiers after being
hospitalized in Ugandan hospital.
*. 6 terrorists were killed, including Wilfreid
Boese.
Incident results /remarks:
*. 4 terrorists boarded the
Air-France at Athens, after disembarking Singapore Airlines flight 763, bound
for Athens from Bahrain via Kuwait. Among the terrorists: 2 PFLP Arab members,
1 German male, later identified as the hijackers leader named Wilfred Boese, and
1 Ecuadorian passport holder, 25 yeas old female, named Gabriel Krocher-Tiedemann,
both members of the RAF.
*.The aircraft was renamed 'Haifa' by the terrorists.
*. All non- Israelis were later released: 105 Israeli passengers were held as
hostages
*. The Air-France captain Michel Bacos and his crew, refused to
leave Entebbe unless all the hostages were released.
*. Another 3 terrorists
joined the hijackers at Entebbe .
*. Israeli elite unit rescued the hostages
*.The first hijacking, where a national leader (Idi Amin) supported the hijackers
in public.
*.There is still a mystery about the 8th terrorist who had managed
to escape. Rumors were that it was none other than Illich Ramirez Sanchez, known
as 'Carlos the Jackal'.
Date: 23 August 1976
Type of airline / aircraft: Egypt
Air, Boeing 737
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack: Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 3
No. of passengers/crew/total: 95
Destination:
Domestic flight
En route from Cairo to Luxor.
Terrorists identification:
Libyan-affiliated terrorists
Terrorist demands: Release of 5 prisoners
including 3 Libyan's jailed in Egypt for planning to assassinate former Libyan
minister, a Yemeni and a Palestinian terrorist awaiting trail following an attempt
to assassinate former South Yemen prime minister, Mohammed Ali Haithem
Casualties
/ Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
*. The
aircraft landed at Luxor, due to fuel shortage, although the main destination
was Libya
*.The Egyptian special force disguised as mechanics stormed the
aircraft.
*. Egyptian Prime Minister asserted that the terrorists were acting
under orders from Libyan leader, Gadafi and that the aircraft was supposed to
be taken to Libya.
Date: 5 September 1976
Type of airline / aircraft:
KLM, DC-9
Flight No.: 366
Type of attack: Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 3
No. of passengers/crew/total: 82
Destination: En route from Nice to Amsterdam. The aircraft was taken to
Tunis and Cyprus
Terrorists identification: PFLP
Terrorist
demands: Release of 8 Palestinians jailed in Israel
Casualties / Injuries:
No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
*. Israeli Radio report
stated that among the Palestinian terrorists whose release was demanded were Kozo
Okomoto and Archbishop Capucci, who was involved in weaponry smuggling.
*.
The terrorists released the passenger at Larnaca Airport. After their arrest they
claimed that they got orders from the Libyan- based unit of the PFLP.
*.
The attack is affiliated to the PFLP, although Habash decision to abandon this
tactic already in 1972.
Date: 10 September 1976
Type of airline / aircraft:
TWA Boeing 727
Flight No.: 355
Type of attack: Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 6
No. of passengers/crew/total: 86/7
Destination:
En route from New York to Chicago. The aircraft was taken to Montreal, Gander,
Iceland and Paris
Terrorists identification: Croatian nationalists
from the 'Croatian National Liberation Forces'(all Americans-born Yugoslavs)
Terrorist demands: Publication of their 'Declaration of Croatian independence
in front pages of Americans newspapers and dropping leaflets over London and Paris
by another Boeing 707.
Casualties / Injuries: No casualties
Incident
results /remarks:
*.Among the hijackers, one was a female named Julienne
Busic, one of the hijackers' wife.
*.The terrorists threatened to blow up
the jet if their demands to publicize their manifest were not met
*. The
passengers were given leaflets to read by the hijackers, explaining their cause
for hijacking the aircraft ('Declaration of the Headquarters of the Croatian National
Liberation Forces')
*.30 passengers were released in Gander.
*. Leaflets
were dropped over London, others leaflets were dropped by the released passengers
over Montreal. An escorting TWA Boeing 707 jet dropped the leaflets over Paris
before landing with the hijacked jet at Charles de Gaulle airport. The hijackers
surrendered to the French authorities. The Croatians were convicted in New-York
city court
*. The terrorist leader was the Croatian nationalist Zvonko Busic.
*. The 'bombs' held by the hijackers appeared to be fake.
*. A bomb placed
by the hijackers in the Bronx exploded in New-York. 1 police officer was killed,
3 injured.
Date: 6 October 1976
Type of airline / aircraft: Cubana
Airlines, DC-8
Flight No.: 45
Type of attack: Air sabotage
No. of attackers:?
No. of passengers/crew/total: 73
Destination:
Bound for Cuba from Barbados via Jamaica and Guyana
Terrorists identification:
El Condor-exiled Cubans living in Florida and Venezuela
Terrorist demands:
------
Casualties / Injuries: All 73 passengers and crew were murdered
Incident results /remarks:
*. 1 suspect passport was issued by the
Venezuelan Government under instructions of the police department.
*.On October
1976, Trinidad police arrested 2 Cubans who had disembarked the aircraft living
their luggage behind.
Date: 25 April 1977
Type of airline / aircraft: Ethiopian
Airlines, DC-3
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack: Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 2
No. of passengers/crew/total:?
Destination:
Domestic flight from Makele to Gondar
Terrorists identification: ELF
(Eritrean Liberation Front Guerrilla Organization)
Terrorist demands:
?
Casualties / Injuries: 3 passengers were injured
Incident
results /remarks:
*.The terrorists were shot by security guards
*.Since
the guerrilla hijackers targeted a civilian aircraft, it will be considered as
terrorism
Date: 28 September 1977
Type of airline / aircraft:
Japan Airlines (JAL),DC-8
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack:
Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 5
No. of passengers/crew/total:
156
Destination: En route from Paris to Tokyo via Bombay. The aircraft
was taken to Dacca (Bangladesh)
Terrorists identification: JRA (Japanese
Red Army) + PFLP-Waddi Hadad faction
Terrorist demands: Release of
their 6 group members held in jails and $ 6 million ransom
Casualties /
Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
*.The terrorists
threatened to murder passengers and to blow up the jet if their demands were not
met.
*. Japanese Government released 6 prisoners and paid $ 6 million ransom.
The terrorists received political asylum in Algeria.
*. Following this incident,
the Japanese government replaced 5,600,000 passports with new ones, after realizing
that the terrorists used false passports, and boarded at Bombay airport. This
counter-step was followed by other security measures, aimed at protecting the
Japanese airlines from aerial violence.
Date: 13 October 1977
Type of airline / aircraft:
Lufthansa Boeing 737
Flight No.: 181
Type of attack: Air
hijacking
No. of attackers: 4
No. of passengers/crew/total:
486/5
Destination: En route from Palma de Mallorca to Frankfurt. The
aircraft was taken to Rome, Larnaca, Dubai and Aden than to Mogadishu (Somalia)
Terrorists identification: PFLP- Waddi Hadad faction and RAF
(Previously
Baader Meinhof)
Terrorist demands: Release of 11 German Red Army accomplices
held in Germany and 2 Palestinians held in Turkey and ransom of 15 Million $
Casualties / Injuries: *. The pilot was shot dead in front of the passengers.
His body was dumped on the runway.
*Another four and one German officer were
injured.
Incident results /remarks:
*. The terrorists boarded
at the last minute, avoiding the usual inspection. Among them: 2 women, one of
them named Souhalia Al Sayeh.
*. The pilot was murdered after the terrorists
realized that he had managed to pass essential information over the radio, information
that was vital for the rescue operation.
*. The German GSG-9 elite unit launched
a rescue operation, released the hostages and killed the 3 male terrorists, among
them: Zohair Youssef Akache, known as 'Captain Martyr Mahmoud'.
*. Al-Sayeh
was arrested in Somalia but released later (1978)and went to Baghdad following
Waddi Hadad threats to attack Somali interests. Other sources claim that she was
arrested in Norway in 1991 and later extradited to Germany to stand trial.
*. The terrorists failure caused the suicide of the Baader Meinhof gang (later
known as the RAF), held in German prison.
Date: 3 September 1978
Type of airline / aircraft:
Air Rhodesia, Viscount 782D
Flight No.: 825
Type of attack:
MANPADS attack
No. of attackers: ?
No. of passengers/crew/total:
4/52
Destination: Domestic flight En route from Karibe to Salisbory
Terrorists identification: Joshua Nkomo's Zimbabwe Peoples Revolution
Army (Zipra)
Terrorist demands: -------
Casualties / Injuries:
38 passengers were murdered. including 10 passengers who, surviving the crash,
were later shot dead by the terrorists.
Incident results /remarks:
38 passengers were murdered.including 10 passengers who, surviving the crash,
were later shot dead by the terrorists.
Date: 7 September 1978
Type of airline / aircraft:
Air Ceylon, Hawker 748
Flight No.:?
Type of attack: Ground
Sabotage
No. of attackers: ?
No. of passengers/crew/total:
2
Destination: Ratmalana-Colombo Airport
Terrorists identification:
LTTE (Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam)
Terrorist demands: ------
Casualties / Injuries: Pilot and Co-Pilot were injured
Incident
results /remarks:
*.One of the first major terrorists acts conducted by
the LTTE
*. The bomb detonated at 08:40 when the cockpit crew were preparing
the plane for a ferry flight.
*.The Turboprop plane caught fire and destroyed.
Date: 20 December 1978
Type of airline / aircraft: Indian Airlines,
Boeing 737
Flight No.: 410
Type of attack: Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 2
No. of passengers/crew/total: 12/12
Destination: Domestic flight En route from Lucknow to Delhi. The aircraft
was taken to Varanasi
Terrorists identification: Indians members of
Youth Congress
Terrorist demands: Release of former PM Indira Ghandi,
who at that time was in jail
Casualties / Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
Since the motive was political, it will
be considered as terrorism.
Date: 12 January 1979
Type of airline / aircraft:
Tunis Air, Boeing 707
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack: Air
hijacking
No. of attackers: 3
No. of passengers/crew/total:
75
Destination: Domestic flight from Tunis to Djerba.The aircraft was
taken to Tripoli after Malta's refusal to permit landing
Terrorists identification:
Tunisian Terrorists
Terrorist demands: The release of Tunisian union
Official Habib Achou and a former Tunisian foreign minister, Mohammed Masmoudi
Casualties / Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
The terrorists surrendered upon landing in Libya.
Date: 16 January 1979
Type of airline / aircraft:
Lebanese Middle East Airlines, Boeing 707
Flight No.: ?
Type
of attack: Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 6
No. of passengers/crew/total:
73
Destination: En route from Beirut to Amman
Terrorists identification:
Amal-Lebanese Shiite terrorists
Terrorist demands: The release of
Moslem leader- Imam Mousa Sader, who had disappeared during an official visit
to Libya in August 1978) and demanding a press conference
Casualties /
Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
The terrorists
surrendered after landing in Beirut.
*. One of the hijackers was allowed to
set up a press conference at Beirut airport to expose their group's grievances.
Date: 12 February 1979
Type of airline / aircraft: Air
Rhodesia, Viscount 748D
Flight No.: 827
Type of attack:
MANPADS attack
No. of attackers: ?
No. of passengers/crew/total:
54/5
Destination: Domestic flight En route Victoria falls to Salisbory
via Karibe
Terrorists identification: Joshua Nkomo's Zimbabwe Peoples
Revolution Army (Zipra)
Terrorist demands: ------
Casualties
/ Injuries: All 59 passengers and crew were murdered.
Incident results
/remarks:
*. The aircraft was hit by SA-7 Missiles.
*. According to
the terrorist leader, Joshua Nkomo, the aircraft had been scheduled to carry a
Rhodesian Army commander (Lieutenant General Walls), and therefore the aircraft
was a legitimate military target.
Date: 7 September 1979
Type of airline / aircraft:
Alitalia, DC-8 Super 62
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack: Air
hijacking
No. of attackers: 3
No. of passengers/crew/total:
183
Destination: En route from Beirut to Rome. The aircraft was taken
Rome, then to Tehran.
Terrorists identification: Imam Sader Movement
(Amal affiliation)
Terrorist demands Protesting and denouncing Libya leader
for the disappearance of the Imam Mousa Sader:
Casualties / Injuries:
No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
*. All passengers were
released at Rome airport
*. The terrorists surrendered after landing ay Tehran,
following a statement broadcast on the radio and television.
Date: 14 January 1980
Type of airline / aircraft Alitalia,
DC-9:
Flight No.: 83
Type of attack: Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 1
No. of passengers/crew/total: 83/6
Destination:
En route from Rome to Tunis
Terrorists identification: Tunisian terrorist
Terrorist demands: The release of 25 Political prisoners held by Tunisian
Government
Casualties / Injuries: No casualties
Incident results
/remarks:
*.The terrorist surrendered after landing in Sicily.
*.
Since the aim was to release political prisoners, the incident is considered as
terrorism.
Date: 18 January 1980
Type of airline / aircraft:
Lebanese Middle-East Airlines (MEA), Boeing 720B
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack: Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 1
No.
of passengers/crew/total: 72/9
Destination: En route from Beirut
to Larnaca
Terrorists identification: Amal-Lebanese Shiite terrorists
Terrorist demands: A commission inquiry for the disappearance of the
Imam Mousa Sader
Casualties / Injuries: No casualties
Incident
results /remarks:
*.The terrorist, Fuad Hammudah surrendered to the Beirut
police a few hours after the aircraft landed at Beirut.
*.Since the incident
has a political orientation, it will be considered as terrorism.
Date:
28 January 1980
Type of airline / aircraft: Lebanese Middle-East Airlines
(MEA), Boeing 720B
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack: Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 1
No. of passengers/crew/total: 137
Destination: En route from Baghdad to Beirut
Terrorists identification:
Amal-Lebanese Shiite terrorists
Terrorist demands: A commission inquiry
for the disappearance of the Imam Mousa Sader
Casualties / Injuries:
No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
*. The terrorist,Ali
Issa (28) boarded the plane with his wife and 4 children. The terrorist surrendered
upon being given a press conference.
*.Since the incident has a political
orientation, it will be considered as terrorism.
Date: 31 January 1980
Type of airline / aircraft:
Air France
Flight No.:?
Type of attack: Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 3
No. of passengers/crew/total: ?
Destination:
Beirut Airport
Terrorists identification: Amal-Lebanese Shiite terrorists
Terrorist demands: Drew attention to the disappearance of the Iranian
Imam Mousa Sader, a religious leader in Libya
Casualties / Injuries:
No casualties
Incident results /remarks: Failure attempt: the 3, armed
with pistols and hand grenades, were arrested at the Beirut Airport before they
managed to board the aircraft.
Date: 21 April 1980
Type of airline / aircraft: El
Al, Boeing
Flight No.:?
Type of attack: Air sabotage
No. of attackers: 1
No. of passengers/crew/total:?
Destination:
Zurich airport bound for Tel Aviv
Terrorists identification: Arab
terrorists
Terrorist demands: ------
Casualties / Injuries:
No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
Failure attempt: The
bomb was hidden in the luggage of an unwitting West-German citizen. The bomb was
discovered by Israeli security officers. The bomb exploded in a police lab before
it was defused.
Date: 13 October 1980
Type of airline / aircraft:
Turkish Airlines, Boeing 727
Flight No.: 890
Type of attack:
Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 4
No. of passengers/crew/total:148
Destination: En route from Istanbul to Ankara, originated in Munich
Terrorists identification: Amal terrorists
Terrorist demands:
Demanded to be flown to Teheran
Casualties / Injuries: 6 passengers
and 1 flight attendant were injured
Incident results /remarks:
.*The terrorists' pistols were smuggled on board after being hidden inside carved-out
copies of Koran.
*. 40 passengers were released after stopover at Diyarbakir
for refueling. Turkish troops stormed the aircraft injuring all 4 terrorists
*. The terrorists announced that the plane was now under the control of the Sheria
(Islamic law).
Date: 15 December 1980
Type of airline / aircraft:
Avianca Boeing 727
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack: Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 7
No. of passengers/crew/total: 137
Destination: Domestic flight from Bogota to Pereira. The aircraft was taken
to Cuba.
Terrorists identification: Colombian M(April)-19 group.
Terrorist demands: Disrupting a Nation Latin American summit in Colombia
Casualties / Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
*. Since the motive appears to be political affiliation, it will be considered
as terrorism.
*. The passengers were released.
Date: 2 March 1981
Type of airline / aircraft: Pakistan
Airlines (PIA), Boeing 707
Flight No.: 326
Type of attack:
Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 3
No. of passengers/crew/total:115
Destination: Domestic flight from Karachi to Peshawar. The aircraft was
taken to Kabul (Afghanistan), then to Damascus
Terrorists identification:
al-Zulfikar extremists (pro former Prime Minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, who was
executed in 1979)
Terrorist demands: Release of leftist political
prisoners held in Pakistani jails.
Casualties / Injuries: 1 Pakistani
diplomat passenger named Tariq Rahim was murdered and his body was dumped on the
runway after landing at Kabul
Incident results /remarks:
*.The
terrorists' leader was a Pakistani citizen named Salamullah Khan
* 55 prisoners
were released as well as payment of $ 50000 ransom. The terrorists surrendered
after Syria agreed to give them asylum and the event was over after 13 days.
Date: 27 March 1981
Type of airline / aircraft: Servicio Aereo
de Honduras, Boeing 727
Flight No.: 414
Type of attack:
Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 3
No. of passengers/crew/total:
87
Destination: Domestic flight from Tegucigalpa to San Pedro. The
aircraft was taken to Managua and later to Panama City
Terrorists identification:
Opponents of the Honduran Government
Terrorist demands: ?
Casualties
/ Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks: Since the
motive was political, it will be considered as terrorism.
Date: 28 March 1981
Type of airline / aircraft: Garauda
Indonesian Airlines, DC-9
Flight No.: GA 206
Type of attack:
Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 2
No. of passengers/crew/total:?
Destination: Domestic flight from Palembang to Medah
Terrorists
identification: Jihad Commando Group
Terrorist demands: Release
of Jihad Commandos imprisoned In Indonesia, and $ 1.5 million.
Casualties
/ Injuries: The pilot was shod dead by the hijacker as well as another anti-terrorist
team member
Incident results /remarks:
*. The jet was stormed
by the Indonesian special force, the Kophasanda, killing the terrorists.
*.It was stated later by the Indonesian intelligence that the terrorists' goal
was to overthrow the government and to create an Islamic state.
Date:
24 May 1981
Type of airline / aircraft: Turkish Airlines, DC-9
Flight No.: 104
Type of attack: Air hijacking
No. of
attackers: 4
No. of passengers/crew/total: 84
Destination:
Domestic flight from Istanbul to Ankara. The aircraft was taken to Bulgaria
Terrorists identification: DHKP-C (leftist Turkish nationals)
Terrorist
demands: The release of 47 jailed terrorists held in Turkey and ransom of
$ 500,000
Casualties / Injuries: 4 passengers were injured while overpowering
the hijackers
Incident results /remarks:
2 terrorists were overpowered
after disembarking the jet, following Turkish permission to permit a news conference.
The other 2 terrorists on board were overpowered by the passengers after the pilot
gunned the engines.
Date: 29 September 1981
Type of airline / aircraft:
Indian Airlines, Boeing 737
Flight No.: 425
Type of attack:
Air hijacking
No. of attackers:6
No. of passengers/crew/total:
111/6
Destination: Domestic flight en route from Delhi to Srinigar
via Amritsar.
The aircraft was taken to Lahore
Terrorists identification:
Khalistani Sikh youths
Terrorist demands: The release of their Khalistan
leader, Sant Bhinderanwale, 500,000 U.S Dollars and Asylum in Pakistan
Casualties
/ Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
*.Pakistani
commandos, disguised as cleaners, stormed the aircraft, released the passengers
and arrested the hijackers.
*. The hijacker's weapons were daggers that they
were allowed to be taken on board..
Date: 25 November 1981
Type of airline / aircraft:
Air India, Boeing 707
Flight No.: AL 224
Type of attack:
Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 44
No. of passengers/crew/total:
79
Destination: En route from Bombay to Seychelles. The aircraft was
taken to Durban (South Africa
Terrorists identification: Opponents
of the Seychelles local government
Terrorist demands: ?
Casualties
/ Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
*. The
terrorists surrendered after 6 hours of negotiation at Durban airport
*.Since
the motive was political, it will be considered as terrorism.
Date:
7 December 1981 'The triplejacking'
Type of airline / aircraft: Linea
Aeropostal Venezolana, DC-9
Flight No.:?
Type of attack:
Air hijacking
No. of attackers:3
No. of passengers/crew/total:
?
Destination: Domestic flight
from Caracas to Puerto Ordaz. The
aircraft was finally taken to Cuba.
Terrorists identification: CREB-Salvadoran
Leftists and Puerto Rican Independistas
Terrorist demands: The release
of 23 political prisoners jailed in Venezuela and $ 10 million ransom and publication
of manifesto citing their political complaints and demands.
Casualties
/ Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
*. The
CREB terrorists highlighted their solidarity with the El Salvador Guerrillas and
distributed leaflets on behalf of the CIMRL- Commandos Internationales Manuel
Rojas Luzardo..Another source refers to the M-19 Colombian group, or to the FMLN
(Farabundo Marti National Liberation Front).
Date: 7 December 1981 'The triplejacking'
Type of airline
/ aircraft: Linea Aeropostal Venezolana, DC-9
Flight No.:?
Type of attack: Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 3
No.
of passengers/crew/total: ?
Destination: Domestic flight
from
Caracas to Puerto Ordaz. The aircraft was finally taken to Cuba.
Terrorists
identification: CREB-Salvadoran Leftists and Puerto Rican Independistas
Terrorist demands: The release of 23 political prisoners jailed in Venezuela
and $ 10 million ransom, and publication of manifesto citing their political complaints
and demands
Casualties / Injuries: No casualties
Incident results
/remarks:
*. The CREB terrorists highlighted their solidarity with the
El Salvador Guerrillas and distributed leaflets on behalf of the CIMRL- Commandos
Internationales Manuel Rojas Luzardo. Another source refers to the M-19 Colombian
group, or to the FMLN (Farabundo Marti National Liberation Front).
Date:
7 December 1981 'The triplejacking'
Type of airline / aircraft: Linea
Aeropostal Venezolana, Boeing 727
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack:
Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 7
No. of passengers/crew/total:
?
Destination: Domestic flight
En route from Caracas to San Antonio
Detachira. The aircraft was finally taken to Cuba.
Terrorists identification:
CREB-Salvadoran Leftists and Puerto Rican Independistas
Terrorist demands:
The release of 23 political prisoners jailed in Venezuela and $ 10 million ransom,
and publication of manifesto citing their political complaints and demands.
Casualties / Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
*. A total of 262 passengers were on board the 3 hijacked aircraft
*. During
the stopovers, passengers (mainly women and children) were released in exchange
for maps of Central America, food and fuel.
Date: 7 December 1981
Type of airline / aircraft:
Libyan Arab Airlines, Boeing 727
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack:
Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 3
No. of passengers/crew/total:
47
Destination: En route from Zurich to Tripoli. The aircraft was taken
to Beirut, then to Athens, Rome, Tehran and again back to Beirut
Terrorists
identification: Amal-Lebanese Shiite terrorists
Terrorist demands:
The return of the disappeared Iranian Imam Mousa Sader, a religious leader, after
a visit in Libya
Casualties / Injuries: 1 passenger was shot and wounded
at Beirut airport
Incident results /remarks:
2 other Shiite members
boarded at Beirut.
Date: 27 January 1982
Type of airline / aircraft:
Aerotal Colombia, Boeing 727
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack:
Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 9
No. of passengers/crew/total:
128
Destination: Domestic flight from Bogot? to Pereira. The aircraft
was forced to return to Bogota, then to Cali,
Terrorists identification:
Colombian
M-19 group.
Terrorist demands: Talking to a journalist
and the release of the M-19 jailed leader Jaime Bateman and permitting him contest
the presidency
Casualties / Injuries: No casualties
Incident
results /remarks:
*. 47 passengers were released at Cali.
*. Damage
was caused to the jet following a collision with army which had blocked the runway,
followed by gunfire caused by the army assault attempt.
*. A corporate jet
took the terrorists to Cuba, in exchange for 2 hostages.
Date: 24 February 1982
Type of airline / aircraft:
Kuwait Airways, Boeing 707
Flight No.: 538
Type of attack:
Ground attack
No. of attackers: 12
No. of passengers/crew/total:
105
Destination: Beirut International Airport
Terrorists identification:
Amal-Lebanese Shiite terrorists
Terrorist demands: Drew attention to
the disappearance of the Iranian Imam Mousa Sader, a religious leader in Libya
Casualties / Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
*. The terrorists threatened to blow up the jet unless they were permitted to
take off.
Date: 26 February 1982
Type of airline / aircraft:
Air Tanzania, Boeing 737
Flight No.: 206
Type of attack:
Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 5
No. of passengers/crew/total:
99
Destination: Domestic flight from Mwanza to Dar-es-Salam. The aircraft
was taken to Nairobi, Jeddah, Athens and finally to Stansted airport, England.
Terrorists identification: Tanzanian Revolutionary Youth Movement
Terrorist demands: The resignation of the Tanzanian president, Julius
Nyerere
Casualties / Injuries: The co-pilot was shot and wounded
Incident results /remarks:?
Date: 28 April 1982
Type of airline / aircraft: Aerovias
Nacionales de Honduras, Dash 7
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack:Air
hijacking
No. of attackers: 4
No. of passengers/crew/total:
48
Destination: Domestic flight from La Ceiba to San Pedro Sula
Terrorists identification: The terrorists announced that their group opposed
the Honduran Government
Terrorist demands: The release of 86 prisoners
and 1 million Lempiras ransom and publication of political statemen
Casualties
/ Injuries: 2 passengers suffered injuries
Incident results /remarks:
*. Since the hijackers' demand was publishing a political statement, it will be
considered as terrorism.
*. All the passengers were released.
*. The terrorists
were flown to Cuba.
Date: 25 July 1982
Type of airline / aircraft: CAAC(China
Airlines), Illushin 18
Flight No.:?
Type of attack: Air
hijacking
No. of attackers: 5
No. of passengers/crew/total:
?
Destination: Domestic flight from Xian to Shanghai
Terrorists
identification:?
Terrorist demands:?
Casualties / Injuries:
12 passengers were injured
Incident results /remarks:
*.The terrorists
threw explosives on board, causing damage to the fuselage
*.The aircraft managed
to land at Shanghai.
Date: 4 August 1982
Type of airline / aircraft: Indian
Airlines, Boeing 737
Flight No.: IC 423
Type of attack:
Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 1
No. of passengers/crew/total:
87/6
Destination: En route from Delhi to Srinigar via Amritsar. The
aircraft was not permitted to land at Lahore, and landed at Amritsar.
Terrorists
identification: Khalistan supporters
Terrorist demands: The hijacker
demanded to meet his leader, Sant Bhinderanwale as well as ransom demand.
Casualties / Injuries: The terrorist surrendered after releasing the women
and children
Incident results /remarks:
*. The captain was V.K
Metha, who was hijacked again on 24 August 1984 (IC-421)
*. One of the airhostess,
Suman ain, was hijacked in 1976 when his aircraft was taken to Lahore.
*.
The terrorists who entered the cockpit had fake bombs, later revealed as an orange
and a toy which he said was a time-bomb.
Date: 11 August 1982
Type of airline / aircraft:
Pan-Am, Boeing 747
Flight No.: PA 830
Type of attack: Air
sabotage
No. of attackers: ?
No. of passengers/crew/total:285
Destination: En route from Tokyo to Honolulu
Terrorists identification:
Mohammed Rashid, member of the 'Abu Ibrahim 15 May Faction'/ 'Hawari Group
Terrorist demands: ------
Casualties / Injuries: 1 Japanese
teenaged passenger named Toru Ozawa (15) was murdered, another 15 passengers suffered
injuries.
Incident results /remarks:
*. The aircraft managed to
land despite the damage to the fuselage.
*. The bomb was hidden in a cigarette
carton. Its detonator was of a pressure type: as soon as someone sits on the seat,
it activates the bomb. Fortunately, a mistake was made by the terrorists, causing
the shock waves to go to the front and rear, rather than to the side and down,
a fact that could cause far more damage to the jet fuselage
*.Muhammed Rashid
was arrested in Greece,and sentenced to 15 years in prison. He was released in
December 1996 after only 8 years due to 'good behavior'. In June 1998 he was captured
by the US.
Date: 20 August 1982
Type of airline / aircraft Indian Airlines,
Boeing 737:
Flight No.:?
Type of attack: Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 1
No. of passengers/crew/total: 61/6
Destination: En rout from Bombay to Delhi via Udaipur and Jodhpur. The
aircraft was taken to Amritsar, after Pakistani refusal to land at Lahore.
Terrorists identification: Khalistan supporter
Terrorist demands:
Casualties / Injuries: Security forces stormed the aircraft, killed
the hijacker
(Musibat Singh)
and released
the passengers.
Incident
results /remarks:?
Date: 22 June 1983
Type of airline / aircraft: Libyan
Arab Airlines, Boeing 727
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack:
Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 2
No. of passengers/crew/total:
32
Destination: En route from Athens to Tripoli
Terrorists
identification: Amal-Lebanese Shiite terrorists
Terrorist demands:
Release of the disappeared Iranian Imam Mousa Sader, a religious leader in Libya
Casualties / Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
*.The 2 terrorists were identified as Radja Aref Ahmed (19), and Hasan Mahti Saadun
Hajj (17).
* All passengers were released.
*.The ticking bomb, installed
in a Polaroid camera, was left in the terrorists' luggage, and found hours after
the passengers release at Larnaca airport.
Date: 6 July 1983
Type of airline / aircraft: Iran
Air , Boeing 747
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack: Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 6
No. of passengers/crew/total: 371
Destination: Domestic flight from Shiraz to Tehran. The aircraft was taken
to Kuwait then to Paris
Terrorists identification: Moujahedeen Opposition
to Ayatollah Komeini
Terrorist demands: Achieving international attention
for the political issue in Iran.
Casualties / Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
*. The terrorists surrendered at Orly
airport, given political asylum by France. They stated that they had hijacked
the aircraft 'Simply to let the world know that in Iran there were 100,000 political
prisoners and 30,000 executions by official account.
Date: 29 August 1983
Type of airline / aircraft Air France
Boeing 727:
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack: Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 5
No. of passengers/crew/total: 119
Destination: En route from Paris to Vienna
The aircraft was taken to
Tehran
Terrorists identification: Hezbollah
Terrorist demands:
The termination of French military involvement in Chad and release of Palestinian
terrorists from France (including members of the Lebanese Armed Revolutionary
faction
Casualties / Injuries: No casualties
Incident results
/remarks:
*. The terrorists surrendered after 3 days of negotiations.
Date: 23 September 1983
Type of airline / aircraft: Gulf
Air, Boeing 737
Flight No.: 71
Type of attack: Air sabotage
No. of attackers: ?
No. of passengers/crew/total: 105/6
Destination: En route from Karachi to Manama (Bahrain)
Terrorists
identification: Abu Nidal (ANO
Terrorist demands: ------
Casualties
/ Injuries: All 111 passengers and crew were murdered
Incident results
/remarks:
*. The bomb was placed in the cargo compartment.
*. Some
luggage articles were placed on board while the ticket holder did not board the
flight
Date: 8 November 1983
Type of airline / aircraft:
Lineas Aereas de Angola (TAAG-Angola Airlines),
Boeing 737
Flight No.:?
Type of attack: MANPADS attack
No. of attackers: ?
No. of passengers/crew/total: 126/4
Destination: En route to
Luanda
Terroristsidentification: UNITA (National Union for the Total Independence
of Angola)
Terrorist demands:------
Casualties / Injuries:
All 130 passengers and crew were murdered
Incident results /remarks:
*. The aircraft was struck at an altitude of 8000 feet while climbing.
Date:
9 February 1984
Type of airline / aircraft: Lineas Aereas de Angola
(TAAG-Angola Airlines),
Boeing 737
Flight No.: ?
Type of
attack: MANPADS attack
No. of attackers: ?
No. of passengers/crew/total:
136/6
Destination: After taking-off from Huambo Airport
Terrorists
identification: Congolese Nationalists
Terrorist demands: -----
Casualties / Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
*.The aircraft managed to land after it had been damaged by a MANPADS.
*.
Since the target was a civilian aircraft, it will be considered as terrorism.
Date: 5 July 1984
Type of airline / aircraft: Indian Airlines,
Airbus A-300
Flight No.: IC 405
Type of attack: Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 8
No. of passengers/crew/total: 255/9
Destination: En route from Srinagar to Delhi. The aircraft was taken to
Lahore.
Terrorists identification: Khalistani supporters
Terrorist
demands: *. The release of all fellow prisoners from jails and 250 million
Rupees 'for damaging the Golden Temple of Amritsar.
Casualties / Injuries:
No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
*.The terrorists demanded
refueling the aircraft after releasing the passengers.
*. Pakistani negotiators
managed to release all the passengers and bring the hijackers to surrender.
*.2 of the terrorists were sentenced to death, another 3 jailed for life by Pakistani
court.
Date: 31 July 1984
Type of airline / aircraft: Air
France, Boeing 737
Flight No.: 747
Type of attack: Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 3
No. of passengers/crew/total: 64
Destination: En route from Frankfurt to Paris.
The aircraft was taken
to Teheran
Terrorists identification: Abu Nidal (ANO)
Terrorist
demands: ?
Casualties / Injuries: No casualties
Incident
results /remarks:
*.On landing, all passengers and crew were released,
the aircraft cockpit was destroyed.
Date: 24 August 1984
Type of airline / aircraft: Indian
Airlines, Boeing 737
Flight No.: IC 421
Type of attack:
Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 7
No. of passengers/crew/total:
87/6
Destination: En route from Delhi to Srinigar via Chandigarh to
Jammu. The aircraft was taken to Lahore, then landed at Karachi after Dubai refused
to permit landing.
Terrorists identification: Khalistan Sikh supporters
who had boarded in at Chandigarh
Terrorist demands: The declaration
of 'Khalistan'.
*. The release of their 14 friends held in Pakistan, following
previous hijacking (August 1982 and July 1984) and 40 Million Rs in Pakistani
currency, and flying to the US
Casualties / Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
*.The captain was V.K Metha, who was hijacked
earlier on 4 August 1982 (IC-423), and air steward D.K Metha, who was involved
in previous 2 cases of hijacking).
*. The terrorists demanded that the aircraft
will circle the Golden Temple.
*.The hijackers surrendered after landing at
Dubai. They were handed over to the Indian Government. All 7 hijackers were sentenced
to life imprisonment in India
*. A pistol was given to the hijackers at Lahore,
by Pakistani official
*.At Lahore, 2 Norwegian women and handicapped Indian
with wife and son to were allowed to leave the aircraft
*. The aircraft was
refueled in Karachi after hijackers' threats to blow-up the aircraft. It was taken
to Dubai after the captain's warning that they were about to run out of fuel.
The captain have managed to land despite previous Dubai's authorities refusal
to permit landing.
Date: 21 September 1984
Type of airline / aircraft:
Ariana-Afghan Airlines DC-10
Flight No.:?
Type of attack:
MANPADS attack
No. of attackers: 5
No. of passengers/crew/total:
308
Destination: En route from Kandahar to Kabul
Terrorists
identification: Afghan Revolutionaries
Terrorist demands: -----
Casualties / Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
*. The jet was hit by a surface to air missile
*.The aircraft managed to land
safely. Substantial damage to the 2 hydraulic systems.
Date: 4 December 1984
Type of airline / aircraft:
Kuwait Airlines, Airbus A-300
Flight No.: 221
Type of attack:
Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 5
No. of passengers/crew/total:
161
Destination: En route from Kuwait to Karachi via Dubai .
The
aircraft was taken to Teheran
Terrorists identification: Hezbollah
Terrorist demands: *.The release of 18 dissidents held in Kuwait.
Casualties / Injuries: *. 2 US nationals were murdered another 2 were tortured.
Incident results /remarks:
*. The 18 Iraqi-born Shiite dissidents
had been arrested by the Kuwait authorities, following a failure coup in Kuwait.
Among the 18 dissidents, was Imad's Mughniyah brother -in-law. Mughniyah is believed
to be behind the this hijacking, as well as behind the TWA Flight 846 hijacking
(June 1985), and the Kuwait airways Boeing 747 hijacking (April 1988).
*.Some
passengers were released upon arrival at Tehran.
*. The Iranian commandos
stormed the aircraft.
*.All remaining passengers were released.
Date:
7 February 1985
Type of airline / aircraft: Cyprus Airways, Boeing
707
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack: Ground hijacking
No.
of attackers: 4
No. of passengers/crew/total: 12
Destination:
Beirut Airport bound for Larnaca
Terrorists identification: Black
Brigade (Lebanese affiliation
Terrorist demands: The release of 2
Lebanese held in Cyprus
Casualties / Injuries: No casualties
Incident
results /remarks:
*. The terrorists surrendered after Cyprus signaled
willingness to consider fulfilling hijacker's demands.
Date: 1 April 1985
Type of airline / aircraft: Lebanese
Middle East Airlines, Boeing 707
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack:
Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 1
No. of passengers/crew/total:
76
Destination: En route from Beirut to Jeddah
Terrorists identification:
Arabs
Terrorist demands: Financial aid for the anti-Israeli resistance
Casualties / Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
*. The terrorist surrendered
Date: 4 April 1985
Type of airline / aircraft: Alia
Royal Jordanian Airlines, Boeing 727
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack:
Ground attack
No. of attackers: ?
No. of passengers/crew/total:
?
Destination: Athens airport bound for Amman
Terrorists identification:
Abu Nidal (ANO)/Black September
Terrorist demands: ------
Casualties
/ Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
*. 2
RPG-7 rockets were fired at the aircraft, failing to explode
*.Minor damages
caused to the aircraft.
Date: 11 June 1985
Type of airline / aircraft: Alia
Royal Jordanian Boeing 727
Flight No.: 402
Type of attack:
Ground hijacking
No. of attackers: 5
No. of passengers/crew/total:
73/9
Destination: Beirut airport bound for Amman. The aircraft was
taken to Larnaca (Cyprus), then back to Beiru
Terrorists identification:
Amal-Lebanese Shiite terrorists
Terrorist demands: Internal -Shia-Palestinian
conflict
Casualties / Injuries: 8 Jordanian sky-marshals were killed
Incident results /remarks:
*. All passengers and crew were released
*.The terrorists blew up the aircraft
*. The terrorists managed to escape
after blowing up the jet.
*. The terrorist cell leader involved in the attack
was Fuad Younes.
Date: 12 June 1985
Type of airline / aircraft: Lebanese
Middle East Airlines, Boeing 707 Flight
No.:?
Type of attack: Air hijacking
No. of attackers:
1
No. of passengers/crew/total: 76
Destination: En route
from Beirut to Larnaca
Terrorists identification: Palestinian
Terrorist demands: Retaliation for the Jordanian hijacking
Casualties
/ Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
*.The
hijacker threatened to blow up the plane as a protest against the earlier Shiate
Hijacking.
*. Some of the hijacked passengers on board had previously been
released from the Alia Royal Jordanian Boeing 727 aircraft.
*.The hijacker
surrendered in exchange for his return to Amman in a Jordanian airliner.
Date: 14 June 1985
Type of airline / aircraft: TWA, Boeing
727
Flight No.: 847
Type of attack: Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 2
No. of passengers/crew/total: 145/8
Destination: En route from Athens to Rome. The aircraft was forced to shuttle
from Beirut to Algiers and Again to Beirut.
Terrorists identification:
Amal/Hezbollah
Terrorist demands: The release of 700 Shiite of Lebanon
and Palestinians held in Israeli jails
Casualties / Injuries: *. A
naval US soldier, Robert Stethem was badly beaten and then shot dead. His body
was dumped on the tarmac.
Incident results /remarks:
*.A third
terrorist couldn't get a seat and wasn't boarded.
*.Following Beirut airport
control tower not to permit landing, the hijackers announced that they were 'Suicide
terrorists', and that they would crash the aircraft into the Beirut airport control
tower or fly it to Babbda presidential palace.
*. 17 women and 2 children
were released upon arrival at Beirut.
*. Another 10 terrorists boarded at
Beirut airport.
*. The Greek authorities released 21 year old Lebanese terrorist
Ali Atwa jailed in Athens, following hijackers' threat to murder 7 Greek passengers.
In return, 67 hostages including the 7 Greek passengers were released at Algeria
airport.
*. Another 21 were released upon arrival at Algiers. After a second
landing in Beirut, another 61 passengers were released. The aircraft was taken
again to Beirut, where all passengers, crew and aircraft were released, except
for 39 Americans who remained as hostages, and the three-man crew who were held
on board.
*.All hostages were released after 17 days, after Israel had released
an amount of 300 Shia prisoners held in Atlit prison in Israel. Another 435 prisoners
were released in batches during July, August and September that year.
*.On
15 January 1987, Mohammed Ali Hamadi was arrested in Frankfurt airport with liquid
explosives. He was convicted for murdering the US naval Robert Stethem. He was
sentenced to life imprisonment, but released from German jail on December 2005
and returned to Beirut.
*. Another suspect, Ali Atwa said that the hijackers
managed to smuggle on board 2 grenades and a 9 mm pistol, after wrapping them
with fiber glass insulation, so the X-ray machines could not detect them. Other
source claim that the weapons were smuggled on board earlier by ground personnel,
which were stowed in a lavatory
*. Another terrorist is Imad Mughniyah, known
as the operations officer of the Hezbollah
Date: 23 June 1985
Type of airline / aircraft: Air-India
Boeing 747
Flight No.: Flight AL- 301
Type of attack:
Air sabotage
No. of attackers: ?
No. of passengers/crew/total:
?
Destination: Narita airport
Terrorists identification:
Sikh terrorists named 'The Dashmesh Regiment'
Terrorist demands: -----
Casualties / Injuries: 2 Japanese airport employees were murdered another
4 seriously injured.
Incident results /remarks:
Failure Attempt:
A suitcase bomb was supposed to be loaded on Air-India flight at Narita airport
(Tokyo) bound for Bangkok. The bomb was off-loaded from Canadian Pacific Airlines
Flight 003 which arrived from Vancouver. The CP flight got delayed by about 45
minutes, and this in turn delayed the baggage transfer on Air India flight at
Narita.
*. The bomb which appeared to be a plastic bomb, hidden in a Sanyo
hi-fi tuner frame was exploded on a luggage trailer at Narita Airport,. The device
was sold in a Vancouver electric retail shop to 2 Indians, 3 months before the
explosion at Narita, on the same day of the 'Kanishka' disaster.
Date:
23 June 1985
Type of airline / aircraft: Air-India Boeing 747 ('Kanishka')
Flight No.: AL 182
Type of attack: Air sabotage
No. of
attackers: ?
No. of passengers/crew/total: 307/22
Destination:
En route from Toronto to Bombay via Montreal and London
Terrorists identification:
Sikh terrorists named 'The Dashmesh Regiment'
Terrorist demands:------
Casualties / Injuries: All 329 passengers and crew were murdered
Incident results /remarks:
*. The aircraft was exploded over the Atlantic
*. A Semtex Plastic bomb device, hidden in a Sanyo radio device that was placed
in the cargo compartment after been transferred from a connecting flight, exploded
during flight
*. The x-ray machine at Toronto airport was faulty o and security
check was done by using hand-held bomb detectors, which anyway couldn't detect
the Semtex bomb.
*.2 main suspects were Ajaib Singh Bagri and Ripudaman Singh
Malik. The motive was to retaliate against the Indian military attack of the Golden
Temple at Amristar (1984).The terrorists operated on behalf of the struggle for
the independence of Khalistan in the Punjab
*. It was suggested that since
no official responsibility claim was issued, it was assumed that the suspected
Sikh terrorists had intended to blow up the jet while it was on the ground at
Heathrow airport. Since the jet was behind schedule, the bomb went off in mid-air.
Date: 4 September 1985
Type of airline / aircraft: Baktar
Afghan Airlines, Antonov 26
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack:
MANPADS attack
No. of attackers: ?
No. of passengers/crew/total:
47/5
Destination: Domestic flight from Kabul to Farah with a stopover
at Kandahar
Terrorists identification: Hezb-i Islami organization
Terrorist demands: -------
Casualties / Injuries: All 52 passengers
and crew were murdered
Incident results /remarks:
*. Hezb-I Isami
spokesman argued that the aircraft was carrying Soviet advisors. Afghan officials
claimed that all passengers on board were civilians.
Date: 23 November 1985
Type of airline / aircraft:
Egypt-Air, Boeing 737
Flight No.: 648
Type of attack: Air
hijacking
No. of attackers: 5
No. of passengers/crew/total:
89/6
Destination: En route from Athens to Cairo. The aircraft was
taken to Malta.
Terrorists identification: Abu-Nidal (ANO)
Terrorist
demands:
Casualties / Injuries: 1 Israeli female passenger named
Tamar Artzi is shot at her head, but survives remaining brain death Another Israeli
passenger, Nitzan Mendelson was shot in her head, and died 9 days later. Another
three Americans were shot: Patrick Baker (survived), Scarlett Rogenkamp (murdered);
Jackie Pflug (survived)
*.The Egyptian sky marshal was injured following
a gun fire, but murdered later by the terrorists.
*.56 passengers lost their
lives during the rescue operation. another 35 injured. The two killed terrorists
are not counted
Incident results /remarks:
*.Terrorists names:
Shakuri Salah Salim (terrorists commander);Bo Sayid, Nar Al Adin Mohammed and
Mohammad Ali Razek, all boarded with fake passports.
*.The hijackers released
passengers at Luqa airport in exchange for food and medical treatment.
*.
The terrorist commander, Shakuri Salah Salim was killed after been shot by an
Egyptian sky marshal.
*.Egyptian commando unit named 'SA'AQA 777' ('Thunderbolt')
stormed the aircraft by attaching explosives to the jet's belly, but the result
was a disaster: 58 passengers were killed, 35 injured. Among the killed passengers
was Bo Sayid, Nar Al Adin Mohammed who was killed following the blast caused by
the commando assault.
*. Of the 56 passengers killed following the Commando
assault, four killed as a result of the commando gunfire, the rest died of suffocation
resulted of poisoned gases after the jet caught fire, following the Egyptian commando
attack.
*.The only survived terrorist, Mohammed Ali Rezaq (38) was convicted
on 19 July ,1996 of in US court, and was sentenced to life in prison on October,
1996.
Date: 2 April 1986
Type of airline / aircraft: TWA,
Boeing 727
Flight No.: 840
Type of attack: Air sabotage
No. of attackers:?
No. of passengers/crew/total: 121
Destination:
The bomb was detonated over Greece. The flight originated as a Boeing 747, en
route from Los Angeles to Cairo.
Terrorists identification: Mohammed
Rashid/
'Colonel Hawari' group headed by Abdullah Abd Al Hamid Labib
Terrorist
demands: -----
Casualties / Injuries: 4 passengers (one of them-
an infant) were sucked out. The pilot managed to land at Athens
Incident
results /remarks:
*.The bomb was smuggled on board in pieces, than snapped
the bomb in the aircraft lavatory
*.There is evidence that the sabotage was
a retaliation attack following the sinking of 2 Libyan gunboats in Sidra Gulf
the week before by US navy
*. The bomb, made of plastic explosives was hidden
under seat No. 10F.
*. It was suspected that a Lebanese woman named May Mansur
who had boarded the aircraft at Cairo for Athens on the morning of April 2, and
sat on seat 10F had placed the bomb.
Date: 17 April 1986
Type of airline / aircraft: )El-Al
Boeing 747
Flight No.: LY 016
Type of attack: Air sabotage
No. of attackers: 1
No. of passengers/crew/total: 375
Destination:
Bound for Tel-Aviv from New York via London
Terrorists identification:
A Jordanian- Palestinian terrorist, recruited by Syrian officials.
Terrorist
demands: -------
Casualties / Injuries: No casualties
Incident
results /remarks:
*.Failure attempt. El-Al security suspected the passenger
and located the device.
*. The bomb was brought aboard by an unwitting passenger:
pregnant Irish lady, named Ann Murphy, who appeared to be the terrorist' girl
friend.
*. The terrorist, named Nizar Hindawi was sentenced to 45 years jail
in London.
*. According to Hindawi's testimony, his controller was Mohammed
Al- Khuli, head of the Syrian Air force intelligence.
*. It was suspected
that the Syrian ambassador, Dr. Lotouf Haydar was involved in the sabotage attempt,
a fact that caused the British government to declare the Syrian Ambassador as
'Persona Non Grata' and to break off diplomatic relations with Syria.
Date:
3 May 1986
Type of airline / aircraft: Air-Lanka, Lockheed Tristar
L-1011
Flight No.: 101
Type of attack: Ground sabotage
No. of attackers:?
No. of passengers/crew/total: 128
Destination:
Colombo's Katunayake Airport
Terrorists identification: The Tamil Tigers
(LTTE/ EELAM)
Terrorist demands: ------
Casualties / Injuries:
16 people were murdered, 41 injured.
Incident results /remarks:
*.Airport employee (customs officer supporter of the LTTE) was arrested later,
as suspect for placing the bomb
Date: 26 June 1986
Type of airline / aircraft: El-Al,
Boeing 747
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack: Air sabotage
No. of attackers: ?
No. of passengers/crew/total: ?
Destination:
Bound from Madrid
Terrorists identification: Abu-Mussa group /Syrian
affiliation
Terrorist demands: ------
Casualties / Injuries:
13 passengers were injured and one security officer suffered burns.
Incident
results /remarks:
*.Failure attempt The bomb was exploded near the Israeli
airline check-in counter at Barajas airport, after being inspected by Israeli
security, and due to malfunction. The bomb was planned to be activated 2 hours
after take-off.
*. The Spaniard was given the suitcase, thinking that it contained
drugs.
Date: 16 August 1986
Type of airline / aircraft: Sudan
Airways, Fokker 27
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack: MANPADS
attack
No. of attackers: ?
No. of passengers/crew/total:
57
Destination: Domestic flight from Malakal to Khartoum
Terrorists
identification: Sudanese People's Liberation Army (SPLA)
Terrorist
demands: ------
Casualties / Injuries: All 57 passengers and crew
were murdered
Incident results /remarks:
*. The aircraft was hit
by SA-7 missile minutes after departing Malakal.
Date: 5 September 1986
Type of airline / aircraft:
Pan-Am Boeing 747
Flight No.: PA 73
Type of attack: Air
hijacking
No. of attackers: 4
No. of passengers/crew/total:
382
Destination: En route from Frankfurt to New-York via Bombay and
Karachi
Terrorists identification: Abu-Nidal (ANO)
Terrorist
demands: The release of 3 comrades held in Cyprus for the murder of 3 Israelis
in 1985
Casualties / Injuries: 1 US businessman was shot and body was
dumped on the tarmac.
*. Another flight attendant was shot after saving the
life of 3 children.
*. Total of 22 passengers were killed during the operation
and other 125 were injured
Incident results /remarks:
*. 3 flight
crew escaped after hearing the shots
*. The hijackers opened fire after the
aircraft cabin lights went off, following the malfunction of the generator.
*.4 Arabs males dressed as security personnel stormed the aircraft at Karachi
airport.
*. The hijackers were arrested by Pakistani Government.
*. It
was believed that the terrorists had planned to crash the jet into the centre
of Tel Aviv (Israel)
*. On July 1988, 5 Abu-Nidal Terrorists were hanged for
their involvement in the hijacking.
Date: 25 December 1986
Type of airline / aircraft:
Iraqi Airways, Boeing 737
Flight No.: 163
Type of attack:
Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 4
No. of passengers/crew/total:
107
Destination: En route from Baghdad to Saudi Arabia
Terrorists
identification: Hezbollah /Islamic Jihad
Terrorist demands: ?
Casualties / Injuries: 71 passengers were murdered, another 20 injured
Incident results /remarks:
*. 6 undercover Iraqi officers were on board.
One of them tried to oppose the hijackers, who threw bombs
*.Following an
explosion within the cockpit, the injured pilot tried to make a landing at Arar
airstrip (Saudi Arabia). The aircraft caught fire and crashed.
*. 2 of the
terrorists were killed following the explosion of crash.
Date: 5 May 1987
Type of airline / aircraft: Sudanese
Aeronautical Services (SASCO) Airways, Cessna 404
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack: MANPADS attack
No. of attackers: ?
No.
of passengers/crew/total: 11/2
Destination: Domestic flight from
Malakal to Khartoum
Terrorists identification: Sudanese People's Liberation
Army (SPLA)
Terrorist demands: -------
Casualties / Injuries:
All 13 passengers and crew were murdered
Incident results /remarks:
*. The aircraft was hit by SA-7 missile minutes after departing Malakal.
Date: 19 May 1987
Type of airline / aircraft: Air New Zealand,
Boeing 747
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack: Ground hijacking
No. of attackers: 1
No. of passengers/crew/total: 129
Destination:
En route from Tokyo to Auckland via Fiji
Terrorists identification:
Air New Zealand employee
Terrorist demands: The release of 11 government
members of Timoci Bavadra
Casualties / Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
Since the hijacker demand had a political
motivation (the release of the 11 member government of Timoci Bavadra), the incident
is considered as terrorism.
Date: 11 June 1987
Type of airline / aircraft: Afghan
Airlines
Antonov-26
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack: MANPADS
attack
No. of attackers: ?
No. of passengers/crew/total:
53
Destination: Domestic flight En route from Kandahar to Kabul
Terrorists identification: Rebel forces
Terrorist demands: ?
Casualties / Injuries: *.All 53 passengers and crew were murdered
Incident results /remarks:?
Date: 24 July 1987
Type of airline / aircraft: Air
Afrique, DC-10
Flight No.: 56
Type of attack: Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 1
No. of passengers/crew/total: 163
Destination:
En route from Congo to Rome and Paris
Terrorists identification: Hezbollah
Terrorist demands: The release of Lebanese terrorist jailed in Germany
for killing US navy Robert Sthemen during the TWA hijacking flight 847 (1985)
Casualties / Injuries: 1 passenger was murdered after a stop at Cointrin
Airport (Switzerland). 30 were injured
Incident results /remarks:
*. Security personnel stormed the aircraft in Switzerland and arrested the terrorist.
Date: 29 November 1987
Type of airline / aircraft: Korean Airlines,
Boeing 707
Flight No.: KAL 858
Type of attack: Air sabotage
No. of attackers: ?
No. of passengers/crew/total: 95/120
Destination: On route from Baghdad to Seoul via Abu -Dhabi and Bangkok
Terrorists identification: North-Korean agents supported by the JRA
Terrorist demands: -------
Casualties / Injuries: All 115 passengers
and crew were murdered.
Incident results /remarks:
*.The bomb contained
340 grams with a timing device was hidden in a radio device as well as a liquor
bottle filled with explosives caused the aircraft to crash into the Andaman sea.
*. 2 passengers pretending to be a father and daughter under the names of Shinichi
Hachiya and Mayumi Hachiya (originally 2 North Korean intelligence agents, named
Kim Sung Il and Kim Hyun Hui) boarded the aircraft with false Japanese passports,
arriving at Baghdad that morning equipped with the bomb given to them by North
Korean officials in Belgrade, left it behind them and disembarked in Abu-Dhabi.
*. The radio batteries were removed by the Iraqi flight crew during flight from
Belgrade to Baghdad, and later the radio was checked by Iraqi security personnel,
but the explosive was not detected.
*.The couple were arrested in Bahrain.
They tried to commit suicide by swallowing cyanide capsules. The old man died,
the young woman survived. It appeared that they were North-Koreans, operating
under direct orders of Kim Jong-Il, the North Korean leader son (Kim Il Sung)
She was sentenced to life in South Korea, convicted of disrupting the South Korean
elections and the planned Seoul Olympic Games.
*. The explosive was identified
as C-4, odorless and easily molded, hidden in the radio, and 1 pound of liquid
explosive that was concealed in a half gallon whisky bottle.
Date: 5 April 1988
Type of airline / aircraft: Kuwait
Airways, Boeing 747
Flight No.: 422
Type of attack: Air
hijacking
No. of attackers: 9
No. of passengers/crew/total:
122
Destination: En route from Bangkok to Kuwait. The aircraft as taken
to Iran, than to Larnaca, Cyprus, and Algeria
Terrorists identification:
Hezbollah
Terrorist demands: The release of 18 terrorists held in Kuwait
Casualties / Injuries: 2 Kuwaiti passengers were murdered at Larnaca
Incident results /remarks:
*.Imad Moghniyah, a Hezbollah member, was
the planner of the Hijacking.
*.Among the 18 terrorists (known as the 'Ad
Dawaa 18 group') held in Kuwait, was Imad's brother- in- law
*Other terrorists
boarded at Iran.
*. The Beirut Airport controller refused to permit the hijacked
aircraft to land, despite the pilot's begging that the aircraft was running out
of fuel. The aircraft continued to Cyprus.
*. The hijacking was a result of
the hijackers' inability to release their 17 colleagues held in Kuwait for committing
terrorist attacks in Kuwait during December 1983
*.The Kuwaiti official policy
was not to surrender to terrorists' demands. Finally, the terrorists' demands
were not met .
Date: 23 September 1988
Type of airline / aircraft:
Nile Safaries, Boeing 707
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack:
ground attack
No. of attackers:?
No. of passengers/crew/total:
?
Destination: Juba airport (Sudan)
Terrorists identification:
Sudanese People's Liberation Army (SPLA)
Terrorist demands: ------
Casualties / Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
*.The aircraft was hit by machine guns and rocket-propelled grenades.
Date:
21 December 1988 'The Lockerbie affair'
Type of airline / aircraft:
Pan-Am Boeing 747('Clipper Maid of the Seas')
Flight No.: PA 103
Type of attack: Air sabotage
No. of attackers: 2
No.
of passengers/crew/total: 243/16
Destination: En route from Frankfurt
to New-York and Detroit via London
Terrorists identification: Libyan
intelligence agents/PFLP-GC- Iranian Affiliation
Terrorist demands:
--------
Casualties / Injuries: All 259 passengers and crew as well
as 11 civilians on the ground were murdered,another 5 on the ground were injured.
Incident results /remarks:
*.An anonymous Arab-accented warning call
was made on 5 Dec to the US embassy in Helsinki, warning that Pan-Am flight, operating
between Frankfurt and the US, would be bombed in the next 2 weeks, by an unsuspecting
Finnish woman who would carry a bomb. The threat indicated the airline, the destination
and the 2 weeks' period, but did not specify the exact date or flight number.
On December 10, the Finish authorities determined that the threat call was a hoax.
*. The bomb contained 350 gr. of Semtex, was equipped with timer hidden in
a radio-cassette player, placed in the cargo compartment container No. 14L, (in
front the port wing-root)) exploded in mid-air at a height of 31,000 ft.
*. The bomb, placed in Samsonite suitcase has been transferred to the Boeing 747
from another Pan-Am Boeing 727 flight, operating as feeder flight (103A) originating
from Frankfurt, without additional screening at Heathrow airport
*. The terrorists
intentions was to bomb the jet over sea, (as occurred at the Air India bombing-June
1985) for the purpose of thwarting investigation
*.Unlike Boeing 747 , the
Boeing 727 does not carry the belly-luggage in containers, and the bomb was loaded
at Heathrow unguarded into the forward cargo-hold compartment of the Boeing 747
*. It was suspected, that the bomb was planted in a suitcase that was carried
to Germany by Air-Malta flight KM 180 that took off from Luqa airport for Frankfurt.
*.The 2 Libyan agents were Abdel baset Al Megrahi (former director of security
at the Libyan Airline and later head of the Center of Strategic Studies in Libya).
and Al Amin Khalifa Fhimah (Director of the Libyan Airline office in Malta-LAA)
*.The former was convicted (February 2001) the latter was set free.
*.On December
2003, Libya took responsibility, and agreed to pay $ 270 million US to the victims'
families ( $ 10 million US per family victim) in exchange of removing international
embargo.
*. There is evidence that the PFLP-GC as well as the Iranians were
involved in this attack. The PFLP-GC has specialized in aerial
Date: 19 September 1989
Type of airline / aircraft:
UTA Airlines
(France), DC-10
Flight No.: 772
Type of attack:
Air sabotage
No. of attackers: ?
No. of passengers/crew/total:
170
Destination: En route from Brazzaville (Congo) to Paris via Chad
Terrorists identification: Libyan intelligence agents/PFLP-GC- Iranian
Affiliation
Terrorist demands: --------
Casualties / Injuries:
All 171 passengers were murdered
Incident results /remarks:
*.The
aircraft was blown up over Niger.
*. The bomb, made of Semtex, was hidden
in a radio-tape player, placed in a Samsonaite suitcase, similar to the bomb that
destroyed Pan-Am Flight 103
*. The terrorist had recruited a young Congo
native teenager to carry the suitcase on board, at Brazzaville and disembark at
Ndjamena.
*. French judge had issued an International warrant for the arrest
of Abdallahh Sanossi, who appeared to be a Lybian official's nephew, Mussa Kussa
(Deputy Foreign Minister in charge of terrorist activities) and Abdallahh Salem
Zadma, from the Libyan Intelligence services
*.The involvement of Iran and
the PFLP-GC was raised , since the bomb device used to destroy the aircraft was
similar to the devices that were found in the apartment in West Germany, where
the PFLP-GC cell was discovered
Date: 21 December 1989
Type of airline / aircraft:
Medecines Sans Frontiers relief-aid aircraft
Flight No.: ?
Type
of attack: MANPADS attack
No. of attackers: ?
No. of passengers/crew/total:
4/?
Destination: Departing Awell to Khartoum
Terrorists identification:
Sudanese People's Liberation Army (SPLA)
Terrorist demands: -------
Casualties / Injuries: All passengers and crew were murdered
Incident
results /remarks:
*.The aircraft was hit by a missile.
Date: 26 April 1990
Type of airline / aircraft: Avianca,
Boeing 727
Flight No.:?
Type of attack: Air assassination
No. of attackers: 1
No. of passengers/crew/total: ?
Destination:
Domestic flight from Bogota to Barranquilla
Terrorists identification:
M-19 rebel group member
Terrorist demands: ------
Casualties
/ Injuries: 1 targeted passenger was murdered. The assassin was killed later.
Incident results /remarks:
The assassinated target was a candidate
for Colombia's presidency.
*.Since the target was a political person, and
the attack was deliberate, is will be considered as terrorism.
Date: 10 November 1990
Type of airline / aircraft:
Thai Airways, Airbus A-300
Flight No.: 305
Type of attack:
Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 2
No. of passengers/crew/total:
221
Destination: En route from Bangkok to Rangoon
Terrorists
identification: Burmese terrorists
Terrorist demands: The release
of pro-Democratic leader held in house arrest in Myanmar+ 2 others jailed in Thailand
Casualties / Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
The terrorists later surrendered.
Date: 16 March 1991
Type of airline / aircraft: Transafric
Airlines, Lockheed L-1011
Flight No.:?
Type of attack:
MANPADS attack
No. of attackers: ?
No. of passengers/crew/total:
5/4
Destination: Domestic flight near Malanje, Angola
Terrorists
identification: UNITA
Terrorist demands: -------
Casualties
/ Injuries: All 9 passengers and crew were murdered
Incident results
/remarks:
*. Since the target was a civilian aircraft, it will be considered
as terrorism.
Date: 26 March 1991
Type of airline / aircraft: Singapore
Airlines, Airbus A-310
Flight No.: 117
Type of attack:
Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 4
No. of passengers/crew/total:
129
Destination: En route from Kuala Lumpur to Singapore. The aircraft
was taken to Chagi Airport (Singapore)
Terrorists identification: Pakistani
terrorists
Terrorist demands: Release of prisoners held in Pakistani
jails, including the Husband of Benazir Bhutto (former Prime Minister)
Casualties
/ Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
*.Commando
unit stormed the aircraft. All 4 terrorists were killed
*. Since one of the
prisoners whose release was demanded was the husband of a political person, the
incident will be considered as terrorism.
Date: 9 November 1991
Type of airline / aircraft:
Aeroflot, Tu- 154
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack: Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 4
No. of passengers/crew/total: 7/178
Destination: From Mineralnyye Vody (Kaukau) to Ekaterinburk (Ural).The
jaet was taken to Ankara
Terrorists identification: Chechnyan terrorists
Terrorist demands: The withdrawal of the Russian troops from Chechnya
Casualties / Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
*. The attack, organized by Shamil Bassayev, took place one month after failure
of presidential candidate Johar Dudayev .
*. The terrorists released the passengers
upon arriving at Grozni, that the jet continued with the terrorists to Ankara,
where they surrendered.
Date: 4 September 1992
Type of airline / aircraft:
Vietnam Airlines, Airbus A -300
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack:
Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 1
No. of passengers/crew/total:
167
Destination: En route from Bangkok to Ho Chi Minh City(Vietnam)
Terrorists identification: Vietnamese-American named Ly Tong
Terrorist
demands: Dropping anti- Communist leaflets over Ho Chi Minh City
Casualties
/ Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
The terrorist
was sentenced to 20 years in prison, but was released after 6 years, following
presidential amnesty.
Date: 27 March 1993
Type of airline / aircraft: Indian
Airlines, Airbus A-320
Flight No.: 439
Type of attack:
Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 1
No. of passengers/crew/total:
192/11
Destination: En route from Delhi to Hyderabad. The aircraft
was taken to
Amritsar after Pakistani refusal to land at Lahore
Terrorists
identification: Hindi affiliated terrorist named Hari Singh
Terrorist
demands: Protesting the Hindu-Muslim violence in India. The hijacker read
a statement accusing his government of corruption, and hijacked the aircraft to
convey a peace message.
Casualties / Injuries: No casualties
Incident
results /remarks:
*.The terrorist pretended to have explosives strapped
to his body.
*. The terrorist surrendered to the local authorities.
*.Since
the motive was political, it will be considered as terrorism.
Date: 24 April 1993
Type of airline / aircraft: Indian
Airlines, Boeing 737
Flight No.: 427
Type of attack: Air
hijacking
No. of attackers: 1
No. of passengers/crew/total:
135/6
Destination: En route from Delhi to Srinagar
Terrorists
identification: Kashmiri militant affiliated to Hezbul Mujahideen
Terrorist
demands: ?
Casualties / Injuries: No casualties
Incident
results /remarks:
*. The terrorist's shooting damaged the aircraft's fuselage
*. The terrorist smuggled a weapon hidden by a crippled man into the aircraft
*. The terrorist's destination was Kabul. The aircraft was taken to Lahore
due to lack of fuel. The Pakistani government refused to allow the hijacked aircraft
to land at Lahore, and the aircraft was taken to Amritsar.
*.The terrorist
was shot dead by Indian commandos.
Date: 15 August 1993
Type of airline / aircraft: KLM,
Boeing 737
Flight No.:?
Type of attack: Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 1
No. of passengers/crew/total: 143
Destination: En route from Tunis to Amsterdam. The aircraft was taken to
Dusseldorf
Terrorists identification: Egyptian
Terrorist demands:
The release of Omar Abel- Rahman ('the blind Sheikh') a terrorist leader involved
in the bombing attempt of the World Trade Center on February 26,1993
Casualties
/ Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks: The German
police (GSG-9) stormed the aircraft and arrested the terrorist.
Date:
20 September 1993
Type of airline / aircraft: Orbi Georgian Airways,
Tupolev 134
Flight No.:
Type of attack: MANPADS attack
No. of attackers: ?
No. of passengers/crew/total: ?
Destination:
Sukhumi-Babusheri Airport (SUI)
Terrorists identification: Abkhazian
separatists
Terrorist demands: -------
Casualties / Injuries:
?
Incident results /remarks:
*.The terrorists launched the missiles
from boats out on the Black Sea, the first reported attack of MANPADS launched
from boats.
Date: 21 September 1993
Type of airline / aircraft:
Transair Georgia, Tupolev 134
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack:
MANPADS attack
No. of attackers: ?
No. of passengers/crew/total:
22/5
Destination: Bound for Sukhumi-Babusheri Airport (SUI) from Sochi
airport
Terrorists identification: Abkhazian separatists
Terrorist
demands: -------
Casualties / Injuries: All 27 passengers and crew
were murdered
Incident results /remarks:
*.The jet was hit upon
approaching the airport loosing control and crashing into the sea from a height
of 300m. The terrorists launched the missiles from boats out on the Black Sea.
Date: 22 September 1993
Type of airline / aircraft: Transair
Georgia, Tupolev 154
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack: MANPADS
attack
No. of attackers: ?
No. of passengers/crew/total:120/12
Destination: Bound for Sukhumi-Babusheri Airport from Tbilisi-Novo
Alexeyevka Airport
Terrorists identification: Abkhazian separatists
Terrorist demands: -----
Casualties / Injuries: 108 passengers
and crew were murdered
Incident results /remarks:
The aircraft
was shot down by MANPADS. The Tu-154 crashed onto the runway and caught fire.
Date: 23 September 1993
Type of airline / aircraft: Transair
Georgia, Tupolev 134
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack: Ground
attack
No. of attackers: ?
No. of passengers/crew/total:
?
Destination: Bound for Sukhumi-Babusheri Airport (SUI) Tbilisi-Novo
Alexeyevka Airport
Terrorists identification: Abkhazian separatists
Terrorist demands: ------
Casualties / Injuries: 1 passenger
was murdered
Incident results /remarks:
Passengers were boarding
the aircraft when it was struck by mortar or artillery fire. The Tupolev caught
fire and burned out.
Date: 7 April 1994
Type of airline / aircraft: Falcon
50
Flight No.:?
Type of attack: MANPADS attack
No.
of attackers: ?
No. of passengers/crew/total: 3/9
Destination:
En route from Dar-es -Salaam (Tanzanya) to Kigali(Rwanda)
Terrorists identification:
Tutsi/ Hutu terrorists
Terrorist demands:------
Casualties
/ Injuries: 12 casualties: Rwandan and Burundi presidents, and another 10
on board
Incident results /remarks:
*.Among the victims: President
Juvenal Habyarimana of Rwanda and President Cyprien Ntaryamira of Burundi
*. The 2 SAM's missiles ( according to the Le Figaro) were supplied by France,
and somehow had found their way to Africa.
Date: 19 July 1994
Type of airline / aircraft: Alas
Chricicanas Airlines Embraer-110 Flight
No.: 91
Type of attack: Air Sabotage
No. of attackers:
?
No. of passengers/crew/total: 18/3
Destination: En route
from Colon to Panama City
Terrorists identification: Ansar Allah Lebanese
group
Terrorist demands: ------
Casualties / Injuries: All
21 passengers and crew were murdered.
Incident results /remarks:
*.The terrorist group was also named 'Partisans of God'.
Date: 25 October 1994
Type of airline / aircraft:
Russian YAK-40
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack: Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 1
No. of passengers/crew/total: 27
Destination:
En route from Makhachkala to Rostov
Terrorists identification: Chechean
terrorists
Terrorist demands: $ 2 million ransom and to be flown to
Iran
Casualties / Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
*. The jet returned to Makhachkala, and the terrorist blew himself up following
security storm on the jet
Date: 3 November 1994
Type of airline / aircraft:
SAS-Scandinavian Airlines, MD-82
Flight No.: 347
Type of attack:
Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 1
No. of passengers/crew/total:
128
Destination: Domestic flight from Bardufoss to Oslo
Terrorists
identification: Bosnian refugee
Terrorist demands: Drawing worldwide
attention to the situation of his country and demanding international aid
Casualties / Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
*.The possible motive was related to the Bosnian people. Since is was motivated
by political issue, it will be considered as terrorism.
Date: 11 December 1994
Type of airline / aircraft:
Philippine Airlines, Boeing 747
Flight No.: PAL 434
Type of
attack: Air sabotage
No. of attackers: 1
No. of passengers/crew/total:
272/20
Destination: En route from Manila to Tokyo via Cebu
Terrorists
identification: Ramzi Yousef/Al Qaeda
Terrorist demands: -----
Casualties / Injuries: A 24 years-old Japanese engineer passenger named
Haruki Ikegami was murdered, another 6 were injured
Incident results /remarks:
*.Yousef managed to pass the X-ray screening machine, with two 9 volt batteries
hidden in his shoes, and a bottle of eyes-contact lenses filled with nitroglycerine
using a false passport under the name: Armaldo Porlami
*.The bomb had been
assembled in the aircraft's lavatories, using a Casio watch as a timer and set
to be detonated after four hours, when the jet is cruising over the Pacific. *.The
bomb was placed by Yousef in the life-vest pocket located under seat 26K, believing
that this seat was located on top the central fuel tank.
*.Yousef disembarked
in Cebu
*. The aircarft made an emergency landing on nearby Okinawa Island
*.Ramzi Yousef called the Associated Press news agency and claimed responsibility
on behalf of Abu Sayyaf Group, Al Qaeda's faction in the Philippines.
*.The
mid-air sabotage was part of Yousef/Al-Qaeda attempt to sabotage 12 US Jumbo Jets
in mid-air ('the Bojinka plot') on 21-22 January 1995), in retaliation for the
US support of Israel. Yousef was sentenced to 240 years in prison (8 January ,
1998) .
Date: 24 December 1994
Type of airline / aircraft:
Air France, Airbus A-300
Flight No.: 8969
Type of attack:
Ground hijacking
No. of attackers:4
No. of passengers/crew/total:
173/12
Destination: Algiers airport.
The aircraft was taken to
Marseilles
Terrorists identification: GIA-Armed Islamic Group
Terrorist
demands: Release of 2 leaders of the Islamic Salvation Front held in house
arrest.
Casualties / Injuries: 3 passengers were murdered: a Vietnamese
diplomat, a 27 years old French employee of the French Embassy, and an Algerian
policeman officer whose identity was discovered following Passports check by the
terrorists. was killed.
*.25 injured, including the captain, Brenard Dellem
Incident results /remarks:
*. The terrorists leader was Abdul Abdallahh
Ihia, announcing that they are 'Soldiers of God'.
*.The terrorists managed
to board the jet disguised as 'presidential police personnel', claiming for passengers
identity check.
*.63 passengers were released mainly women and children .
*.The terrorists shouted 'Allah Akbar' during the hijacking, and quoted passages
of the Koran over the aircraft's speaker system.
*. Upon landing at Marseilles,
the terrorists demanded that the jet will be loaded with 27 tons of fuel for the
journey to Paris, when the fuel amount needed for this leg is about one third.
The hijackers were killed following a rescue operation held by elite French GIGN
unit (26 December). 20 Dynamite sticks were found under the aircraft seats.
*.Later reports indicated that the terrorists had intention of using the aircraft
as a flying missile, blowing-up the aircraft over Paris, and possibly crashing
it into the Eiffel Tower.
Date: 21 June 1995
Type of airline / aircraft: All
Nippon Airways, Boeing 747
Flight No.:
Type of attack:
Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 1
No. of passengers/crew/total:
365
Destination: Domestic flight en route from Tokyo to Hakodate
Terrorists identification: Japanese assailant
Terrorist demands:
The release of the Religious leader Shoko Asahara who was responsible for the
Tokyo underground gas attack (20 March, 1995)
Casualties / Injuries:
1 passenger was injured
Incident results /remarks:
The hijacker
was injured and arrested.
Date: 6 March 1996
Type of airline / aircraft: Cyprus-Turkish
Airlines (THY), Boeing 727
Flight No.: 007
Type of attack:
Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 1
No. of passengers/crew/total:
108
Destination: En route from Ercan (Cyprus) to Istanbul. The aircraft
was taken to Sofia for refueling, than continued to Munich
Terrorists identification:
Turkish citizen
Terrorist demands: Political statement supporting Chechen
separatists.
Casualties / Injuries: No casualties
Incident
results /remarks:
*. All the passengers were released upon arrival at
Munich.
*. Since the hijacker's motive was political, it will be considered
as terrorism.
Date: 10 March 1996
Type of airline / aircraft: Hainan
Airlines, Boeing 737
Flight No.:?
Type of attack: Air
hijacking
No. of attackers: 4
No. of passengers/crew/total:
149
Destination: Domestic flight
en route from Hangzhou Airport
to Haikou
The aircraft was taken to Taiwan
Terrorists identification:
2 Chinese couples with 2 children
Terrorist demands: ?
Casualties
/ Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
*.The
terrorists were overpowered by security sky-marshals on board.
Date: 26 July 1996
Type of airline / aircraft: Iberia,
DC-10
Flight No.: 6621
Type of attack: Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 1
No. of passengers/crew/total: 232
Destination:
En route from Madrid to Havana. The aircraft was taken to Miami
Terrorists
identification: Lebanese
Terrorist demands: ?
Casualties
/ Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
*.The
terrorist surrendered to American authorities.
*.A few days later, 2 Palestinians
were arrested in Germany for assisting the hijacker.
Date: 24 February 1998
Type of airline / aircraft:
Turkish Airlines, AVRO RJ-100
Flight No.:?
Type of attack:
Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 1
No. of passengers/crew/total:
63/5
Destination: Domestic flight from Adana to Ankara. The aircraft
was taken to Diyarbakir airport, Turkey
Terrorists identification:
Turkish- national male
Terrorist demands: Protest oppression of Muslims
in Algeria
Casualties / Injuries: No casualties
Incident results
/remarks:
*. The terrorist demanded to be flown to Tehran, but was convinced
by the pilot to land at Diyarbakir for refueling.
*. 20 passengers were released
upon landing at Diyarbakir
*. Since the hijacker's motive involved a political
issue, it will be considered as terrorism.
Date: 12 March 1998
Type of airline / aircraft: Llanera
de Aviacion air company,Cesna 182
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack:
Ground hijacking
No. of attackers: 20
No. of passengers/crew/total:
?
Destination: Palmerito airstrip, Cumbaribo Municipality. The plane
was taken by the hijackers to Llanos del Yari
Terrorists identification:
FARC (Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Columbia)
Terrorist demands:?
Casualties / Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
*. No passengers were involved in the hijacking. The 2 pilots were ordered to
leave the plane.
*.The terrorists claimed that the aim was to pick up a wounded
FARC leader and take him abroad for medical care.
Date: 24 May 1998
Type of airline / aircraft: Pakistan
Airlines, Fokker F-27
Flight No.: PIA 554
Type of attack:
Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 4
No. of passengers/crew/total:
29/4
Destination: Domestic flight from Turbat. To Karachi. The pilots
took the aircraft to Hyderabad
Terrorists identification: 'Baluchistan
Students' Federation Terrorist demands: $ 20 million US for developing
their province and protesting against nuclear testing
Casualties / Injuries:
No casualties army officer was slightly injured
Incident results /remarks:
*.Among the 4 terrorists, one was an airport security official who boarded the
aircraft with weapon
*. Since the hijackers' motive involved a political issue,
it will be considered as terrorism.
*.The 4 terrorists were sentenced to death
by Pakistani court.
Date: 2 August 1998
Type of airline / aircraft: Blue
Airlines Boeing 727
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack: ?
No. of attackers: ?
No. of passengers/crew/total: ?
Destination:
Goma
Terrorists identification: Congolese rebels
Terrorist demands:
?
Casualties / Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
*. Since the hijacking was carried out by a sub-national group, and as the motive
was political, it will be considered as terrorism.
Date: 4 August 1998
Type of airline / aircraft: Air
Atlantic Cargo, in service to Lina Congo (LAC
Flight No.:?
Type
of attack: ?
No. of attackers: ?
No. of passengers/crew/total:
?
Destination: Goma. The aircraft was taken to Kitona via Kinshasha
Terrorists identification: Congolese rebels
Terrorist demands:
Picking up ammunition
Casualties / Injuries: No casualties
Incident
results /remarks:
*. Since the hijacking was carried out by a sub-national
group, and as the motive was political, it will be considered as terrorism.
Date: 29 September 1998
Type of airline / aircraft: Lion Air
Antonov 24RV
Flight No.: 602
Type of attack: MANPADS attack
No. of attackers:?
No. of passengers/crew/total: 48/7
Destination:
Domestic flight en route from Jaffna to Colombo
Terrorists identification:
LTTE
Terrorist demands: -------
Casualties / Injuries: All
55 passengers and crew were murdered
Incident results /remarks:
*. The aircraft was attacked by SA-14 missile.
Date: 10 October 1998
Type of airline / aircraft:
Lignes Aeriennes Congolaises-Congo Airlines Boeing 727
Flight No.:?
Type of attack: MANPADS attack
No. of attackers:?
No. of passengers/crew/total: 38/3
Destination: En route from
Kindu to Kinshasa
Terrorists identification: Congo Tutsi terrorists
Terrorist demands: ------
Casualties / Injuries: All 41 passengers
were murdered.
Incident results /remarks:
*. The aircraft was shot
down by SA-7 missile, 3 minutes after take-off from Kindu.
Date: 27 October 1998
Type of airline / aircraft:
Helicopter
Flight No.:?
Type of attack: MANPADS attack
No. of attackers:?
No. of passengers/crew/total: ?
Destination:
Over the city of Orito
Terrorists identification: FARC
Terrorist
demands: -------
Casualties / Injuries: ?
Incident results
/remarks:?
Date: 29 October 1998
Type of airline / aircraft:
Turkish Airlines, Boeing 737
Flight No.: 487
Type of attack:
Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 1
No. of passengers/crew/total:
34/6
Destination: Domestic flight
En route from Adana to Ankara
Terrorists identification: Kurdish national male
Terrorist
demands: Protest against Turkish 'dirty war' against the Kurds and forcing
the pilot to read a statement praising the PKK leader Abdullah Ochalan
Casualties
/ Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
*.The
hijacking occurred during the 75th anniversary celebration of the Turkish republic.
The hijacker admitted that the date chosen wasn't accidental
*.The hijacker
demanded to be taken to Lausanne, but accepted the captain's advice to be taken
to Sofia for the purpose of refueling. The pilot landed instead at Ankara Esenboga
airport.
*.The aircraft was stormed by Turkish National Special action team,
killing the hijacker.
*. Since the hijackers' motive involved a political
issue, it will be considered as terrorism .
Date: 2 January 1999
Type of airline / aircraft: TransAfric,
Hercules C- 130
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack: Ground attack
No. of attackers:?
No. of passengers/crew/total: 5/4
Destination: En route from Huambo to Luanda
Terrorists identification:
UNITA
Terrorist demands: -----
Casualties / Injuries: All
8 passengers and crew were murdered
Incident results /remarks:
*.The aircraft was painted in UN colors
*. Angolan authorities claimed that
the downing attempt was related to the UNITA, whose officials denied shooting
the plane
Date: 5 March 1999
Type of airline / aircraft: Askhab
Airlines, Tu-134
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack: Ground kidnapping
No. of attackers: ?
No. of passengers/crew/total:27
Destination:
Severnyy Airport (Grozny)
Terrorists identification: Anti- Russian
radical Islamic organization
Terrorist demands: ?
Casualties
/ Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
*.The
kidnapped passenger was Russian Major-General Gennadiy Shpigun, who was taken
to an un- known location.
*.Since the event took place on board a civilian
aircraft, the incident will be considered as terrorism.
Date: 12 April 1999
Type of airline / aircraft: Avianca
Airlines, Fokker 50
Flight No.: 9463
Type of attack: Air
hijacking
No. of attackers: 5
No. of passengers/crew/total:
36/5
Destination: Domestic flight between Bucaramanga and Bogota. The
aircraft was taken to a clandestine airstrip near Simiti.
Terrorists identification:
'Heroes of Santa Rosa' front, affiliated to the National Liberation Army (ELN)-
rebels
Terrorist demands: Forcing the Colombian government to take
2 Colombian guerrilla groups into account regarding peace negotiations, restoring
communication with 2 jailed ELN members and demanding ransom in exchange for the
remaining hostages
Casualties / Injuries: 1 hostage died in captivity
Incident results /remarks:
*. The hijackers were dressed as businessmen,
(1 wore a Catholic priest's collar). The hijacker who entered the cockpit had
knowledge of flying.
*.Colombian refusal to follow ELN demands caused the
ELN to demand ransom directly from the hostages' families.
*.The ELN released
25 passengers, mostly women and , children between April and October
*. More
than 15 hostages were still held by the hijackers for a period of 8 months.
*. Since the rebels targeted a civilian aircraft, it will be considered as terrorism.
*. The Avianca hijacking was the first and most serious event in civil aviation
in Latin America, considering the captivity of all aircraft passengers and crew
for such a long period.
Date: 12 May 1999
Type of airline / aircraft: AVITA-Angolan
Company, Antonov -26
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack: Ground
attack
No. of attackers:?
No. of passengers/crew/total:
6
Destination: En route from Luzamba to Luanda
Terrorists identification:
UNITA
Terrorist demands: -----
Casualties / Injuries: All
6 passengers and crew were murdered
Incident results /remarks:
UNITA later declared that they had captured 3 Russian crew members.
Date:
30 July 1999
Type of airline / aircraft: Avior: Venezuelan Aviones
de Oriente Airlines, Beechcraft 1900D
Flight No.: 83
Type of
attack: Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 5
No. of passengers/crew/total:
13/2
Destination: Domestic flight between Caracas and Guasdualito via
Barinas
Terrorists identification: FARC
Terrorist demands:
Ransom
Casualties / Injuries: No casualties
Incident results
/remarks:
*. Among the terrorists, 2 were women.
*. All passengers
and crew were released.
Date: 2 November 1999 'Double hijacking'
Type of airline
/ aircraft: helicopter, Bell 400
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack:
Ground hijacking
No. of attackers: ?
No. of passengers/crew/total:
?
Destination: The helicopters took off from Marcos Gelabert Airport
for Kuna Yala (San Blas Province)
Terrorists identification: FARC
Terrorist demands: ?
Casualties / Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
*.The first helicopter hijacking.
*.
The terrorists claimed that they needed the helicopter for transferring wounded
guerrilla fighters.
Date: 2 November 1999 'Double hijacking'
Type of airline
/ aircraft: helicopter, Bell 400
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack:
Ground hijacking
No. of attackers: ?
No. of passengers/crew/total:
?
Destination: The helicopters took off from Marcos Gelabert Airport
for Kuna Yala (San Blas Province)
Terrorists identification: FARC
Terrorist demands:?
Casualties / Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
*. The terrorists claimed that they needed
the helicopter for transferring wounded guerrilla fighters.
Date: 24 December 1999
Type of airline / aircraft:
Indian Airlines, Airbus A-300
Flight No.: 814
Type of attack:
Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 6
No. of passengers/crew/total:183
Destination: En route from Katmandu to New Delhi. The aircraft was
taken to Amristar, then to Lahore, ,Dubai and Kandahar
Terrorists identification:
Harakat ul-Mujahidin (HUM)
/Harakat ul-Ansar
Terrorist demands:
Release of Maulana Masood Azhar, (Pakistani-Kashmiri separatist leader of the
Harakat al Mujahidin Islamic group- HUM and 35 Muslim members, all jailed in India,
$ 200 million US, and the return of the body of Kashmiri separatist Sajjad Afghani
Casualties / Injuries: 1 passenger named Rippan Katyal was murdered
after disobeying the terrorists order not to look at them
Incident results
/remarks:
*.The pilot made en emergency landing at Lahore, despite Pakistan
refusal to permit landing.
*. All the terrorists were Pakistani citizens.
*. The terrorists failed to receive landing permission at Oman and Dubai, but
finally landed at an isolated Dubai air base.
*. Previous plan to land at
Kabul (Afghanistan) failed due to lack of night landing facilities.
*. 28
passengers were released upon arriving at Dubai in exchange for food and fuel
,as well as the body of a passenger, who had been stabbed to death,
*. Another
diabetic passenger was released at Kandahar.
*. The terrorists threatened
to murder the hostages unless their demands were met.
*.The event ended on
31 December, 1999.
*.Eventually, 3 jailed Kashmiri Muslim militants were released
by the Indian Government including Maulana Masood Azhar( who founded after his
release the Jaish-e-Muhammad- JEM group ,2000) and Ahmmed Omar Saed Sheikh, (who
was later responsible for the murder of the American-Jewish journalist, Daniel
Pearl in 2002) in exchange for the plane and passengers. The terrorists were given
10 hours to leave Afghanistan
Date: 18 August 2000
Type of airline / aircraft: Azerbaijan
Airlines, TU-154
Flight No.: 254
Type of attack: Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 1
No. of passengers/crew/total: 164
Destination: Domestic flight from Nakhichevan to Baku
Terrorists
identification: Nakhichevan branch of the opposition Musavat party.
Terrorist
demands: To visit a hospitalized Azeri political leader in Turkey and postponing
parliamentary elections until the end of 2000.
Casualties / Injuries:
No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
*.The terrorist who was
identified as the chairman of the Nakhichevan branch, was overpowered by 2 air-marshals
over Azeri airspace.
Date: 14 September 2000
Type of airline / aircraft:
Qatar Airways, Airbus A-300
Flight No.: 404
Type of attack:
Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 1
No. of passengers/crew/total:
131/11
Destination: En route from Doha to Amman. The aircraft was taken
to Saudi Arabia
Terrorists identification: Iraqi National terrorist
Terrorist demands: Protesting against UN sanctions against Iraq.
Casualties
/ Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
*. The
terrorist surrendered upon arrival at Hai'l, Saudi Arabia.
*. Since the motive
was political, it will be considered as terrorism.
Date: 16 September 2000
Type of airline / aircraft:
Solomon Airlines, Britten Norman Islander
Flight No.: ?
Type
of attack: Air hijacking
No. of attackers:?
No. of passengers/crew/total:
/1
Destination: Solomon islands
Terrorists identification:
Faction of the Isatabu Freedom Movement Militia group(IFM)
Terrorist demands:
2 million Solomon dollars
Casualties / Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
*.Since the hijackers' orientation was politically
motivated, the incident will be considered as terrorism.
*.IFM spokesman declared
that the hijacking was a result of 'dissatisfaction over the failure of the deputy
prime minister to fulfill the many promises he had made...'
*. The pilot was
released on 6 October. No ransom was paid.
Date: 12 October 2000
Type of airline / aircraft:
Helicopter
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack: ground hijacking
No. of attackers: ?
No. of passengers/crew/total: 10
Destination:
Sucumbios (Ecuador)
Terrorists identification: Former members of defunct
Colombian Popular Liberation Army (EPL)
Terrorist demands: ?
Casualties
/ Injuries: 1 American hostage was murdered. The others were released after
ransom payment of $ 13 Million.
Incident results /remarks:
*.
The hostages were Spanish employees of the REPSOL energy consortium
*. The
2 French helicopter pilots escaped 4 days after the capture.
Date: 14 October 2000
Type of airline / aircraft:
Saudi Arabian Airlines, Boeing 777
Flight No.: 115
Type of attack:
Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 2
No. of passengers/crew/total:
112
Destination: En route from Jeddah to London. The aircraft was
taken to Baghdad
Terrorists identification: Saudi terrorists
Terrorist
demands: Demanding reforms in Saudi Arabia as well as making a political statement
Casualties / Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
*.One of the terrorists was employed as a security guard at Jeddah airport.
*.The terrorists praised Iraqi authorities and criticized their own government.
One of them declared: 'We carried out the operation because we believe in the
principles of justice and equality' The other said the Saudi people were against
the presence of US. troops in their territory.
*.The terrorists demanded to
fly to Baghdad because Iraq rejects 'US. hegemony'.
*. One of the terrorists
had at one point threatened to blow up the plane unless it was allowed to fly
to Baghdad.
Date: 11 November 2000
Type of airline / aircraft:
Vnukovo Airlines, TU-154
Flight No.: 838
Type of attack:
Air hijacking
No. of attackers: 1
No. of passengers/crew/total:49/10
Destination: Domestic flight en route from Makhachkala to Moscow.
The aircraft was taken to Israel.
Terrorists identification: A 27 year
old terrorist Akhmed Amirkhanov
Terrorist demands: The terrorist announced
that he was fighting against world domination by Asians
Casualties / Injuries:
No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
*. The terrorist surrendered
upon landing in Israel
*. There were no signs of insanity element, therefore
the incident will be considered as terrorism.
Date: 17 November 2000
Type of airline / aircraft:
?
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack: Air hijacking
No.
of attackers: ?
No. of passengers/crew/total: ?
Destination:
Bangkok. The aircraft was forced to fly to Vietnam.
Terrorists identification:
Vietnamese American named Ly Tong
Terrorist demands: Dropping leaflets
over Ho Chi Minh City
Casualties / Injuries: No casualties
Incident
results /remarks:
*. The terrorist was a former South Vietnamese soldier
who had previously hijacked a Vietnamese Airlines (Airbus A-300)aircraft on 4
September 1992 for the purpose of dropping Anti-Communist leaflets .Tong was sentenced
to 7 years and 4 months in prison.
Date: 4 December 2000
Type of airline / aircraft:
Sabena Airlines, Airbus A-300
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack:
Ground attack
No. of attackers: ?
No. of passengers/crew/total:158/12
Destination: En route from Brussels to Nairobi
Terrorists identification:
Hutu rebels
Terrorist demands: -----
Casualties / Injuries:
2 passengers suffered slight injuries
Incident results /remarks:
*.The shooting occurred upon landing at Bujumbura airport.
Date: 15 March 2001
Type of airline / aircraft: Vnukovo
Airlines, Tupolew Tu-156
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack: Air
hijacking
No. of attackers: 3
No. of passengers/crew/total:
162/12
Destination: Bound for Moscow from Istanbul. The aircraft was
taken to Saudi Arabia
Terrorists identification: Chechnian Terrorists
Terrorist demands: The terrorists demanded an end to war in rebel
Chechnya
Casualties / Injuries: 1 Turkish passenger and 1 Russian flight
attendant
were killed following the security storm
Incident results
/remarks:
*.50 passengers were released after landing in Meddina
*.Saudi
Arabian special forces stormed the aircraft
*. At least 1 terrorist was killed
following the security storm.
Date: 24 July 2001
Type of airline / aircraft: Sri
Lanka Airlines
Flight No.: ?
Type of attack: Ground attack
No. of attackers: ?
No. of passengers/crew/total: 12/?
Destination:
Bandaranaike International Airport (Colombo)
Terrorists identification:
LTTE(Tamil Tigers)
Terrorist demands: ------
Casualties / Injuries:
No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
*.The airline lost 50%
of it's fleet: an Airbus A-340 and A-330 aircraft were destroyed; another 2 A-320's
were badly damaged; another A-330's undercarriage was damaged
*. 13 terrorists
were killed during the attack .
Date: 11 September 2001
Type of airline / aircraft:
American Airlines, Boeing 767
Flight No.: AA 11
Type of attack:
Aerial suicide mission
No. of attackers: 5
No. of passengers/crew/total:
81/11
Destination: En route from Boston to Los Angeles
Terrorists
identification: Al -Qaeda
Terrorist demands: -----
Casualties
/ Injuries: All 87 passengers and crew were murdered.
Incident results
/remarks:
*.5 terrorists named Mohamed Atta (pilot);Abdul Aziz al Omari;Satam
al Suqami;Wail al Shehri and Waleed al Shehri, took over the jet, using knives
and pepper spray.
*.Mohammed Atta, the Operation Commander, was the only terrorist
on board who knew how to fly the aircraft
*.The jet crashes into the north
tower of the WTC at 08:46 ET.
Date: 11 September 2001
Type of airline / aircraft:
United Airlines, Boeing 767
Flight No.: 175
Type of attack:
Aerial suicide mission
No. of attackers: 5
No. of passengers/crew/total:
56/9
Destination: En route from Boston to Los Angeles
Terrorists
identification: Al -Qaeda
Terrorist demands: -------
Casualties
/ Injuries: All 60 passengers and crew were murdered
Incident results
/remarks:
*.5 terrorists named Marwan al Shehhi (pilot); Fayez Banihammad;
Mohand al Shehri;Ahmed al Ghamdi and Hamza al Ghamdi took over the jet, using
knives.
*. The jet crashes into the south tower of the WTC at 09:03 ET.
Date: 11 September 2001
Type of airline / aircraft: American
Airlines, Boeing 757
Flight No.: AA 77
Type of attack: Aerial
suicide mission
No. of attackers: 5
No. of passengers/crew/total:
58/6
Destination: En route from Washington to Los Angeles
Terrorists
identification: Al -Qaeda
Terrorist demands: ------
Casualties
/ Injuries: All 59 passengers and crew were murdered
Incident results
/remarks:
*.5 terrorists: Hani Hanjour (pilot); Khalid al Mihdhar; Majed
Moqed, and 2 brothers: Nawaf al Hazmi and Salem al Hazmi, took over the jet, using
knifes
*.The jet crashed into the Pentagon at 09:37 ET, 125 casualties, among
them 55 military personnel.
Date: 11 September 2001
Type of airline / aircraft:
United Airlines, Boeing 757
Flight No.: 93
Type of attack:
Aerial suicide mission
No. of attackers: 4
No. of passengers/crew/total:
37/7
Destination: En route from New-Jersey to San Francisco
Terrorists
identification: Al -Qaeda
Terrorist demands: ------
Casualties
/ Injuries: All 40 passengers and crew were murdered.
Incident results
/remarks:
*.4 terrorists named Ziad Jarrah (pilot) ; Saeed al Ghamdi;
Ahmed al Nami; Ahmed al Haznawi took over the jet, using knives. Among them, Ziad
Jarra was the only one who took flying courses.
*. Seconds before the crash,
Jarra and another terrorist shouted 'Allahh Akbar'
*.The primary target was
the White House. This evidence was discovered following the testimony of whom
is suspected to be the 'twentieth hijacker' Zachariah Moussawi, who had admitted
his role within Al Qaeda plan. Moussawi confessed on Friday April 22, 2005 in
Alexandria court (Virginia) that he was intended to crash a jet into the White
House.later, on 27 March 2006 Moussawi changed his testimony claiming that he
and Richard Reid ('The shoe Bomber') were assigned to be the hijackers of a fifth
aircraft, aiming to crash it into the White House.
*.Following passengers'
resistance, the jet crashed in Somerset County, Pennsylvania.
*. Total of
casualties including Pentagon and WTC :2694, (or 2749 including 55 military personnel
killed at the Pentagon).
The first- ever incident where the aircraft was a
'strategic agent', in this case, the aircraft filled the position of flying missile.
The main purpose was to target American symbols (buildings)
Date: 22 December 2001
Type of airline / aircraft:
American Airlines, Boeing 767
Flight No.: 63
Type of attack:
Aerial suicide mission
No. of attackers: 1
No. of passengers/crew/total:
185/12
Destination: En route from Paris to Miami. The aircraft landed
at Boston Logan airport
Terrorists identification: Al-Qaeda
Terrorist
demands: -------
Casualties / Injuries: No casualties
Incident
results /remarks:
*. Failure attempt:
The terrorist, Richard C. Reid
(28), also named Abdul Raheem, and a member of Al Qaeda, boarded the jet with
10 ounces of plastic explosives(TATP-Triacetone Triperoxide) hidden in his shoes
*. Reid attempted to board the same flight the previous day, the December
21, the 13th anniversary date of the Pan-Am bombing (21 December, 1988), but he
was delayed by suspicious French authorities.
*. There is an evidence that
the FAA had issued on December 11 warning to airlines that someone might attempt
to get on board an aircraft with weapon in a shoe through a checkpoint
*.
There is an evidence that the original plan was to bomb 2 US jets in mid-air,
simultaneously. The other terrorist, Saajid Mouhammed Badat (25) have decided
to withdraw from the plot. He was convicted in Britian court on 23 April, 2005
and sentenced to 13 years for his role in assisting Reid. Admitting that he planned
to deliver the bomb on board.
Date: 18 November 2002
Type of airline / aircraft:
El-Al, Boeing 757
Flight No.: LY 581
Type of attack: Air
hijacking
No. of attackers: 1
No. of passengers/crew/total:
170
Destination: En route from Tel Aviv To Istanbul
Terrorists
identification: Israeli-Arab student
Terrorist demands: ?
Casualties
/ Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
*.Failure
attempt:
The terrorist (23), named Taufik Fukra, a student at the 'Sapir'
college affiliated to the Ben-Gurion University in Israel, boarded equipped with
small knife hidden in his clasp belt.
*. The terrorist was overpowered by
an Israeli sky marshal.
Date: 28 November 2002
Type of airline / aircraft:
Arkia (Israel) Boeing 757
Flight No.: 582
Type of attack:
MANPADS attack
No. of attackers: ?
No. of passengers/crew/total:
261/10
Destination: After take off from Mombassa, Kenya bound for
Tel-Aviv
Terrorists identification: Al-Qaeda
Terrorist demands:
------
Casualties / Injuries: No casualties
Incident results
/remarks:
*. 2 SA-7 ('Strella 2') missiles (1978 vintage) were launched
after take -off from a distance of 1 km. from the airport. The missiles missed
the target, since they were launched too close to the aircraft
*. The missiles
serial numbers were from the same production line serial of the Strella missiles
fired against an American military jet in Saudi Arabia in May 2002.
*. The
twin missiles tubes plus other two Strella missiles were found later
Date:
22 November 2003
Type of airline / aircraft: DHL, A-300
Flight
No.: ?
Type of attack: MANPADS attack
No. of attackers:
?
No. of passengers/crew/total: 3
Destination: Bound for
Dubai from Baghdad
Terrorists identification: Iraqi terrorists
Terrorist demands: ------
Casualties / Injuries: No casualties
Incident results /remarks:
*. The cargo jet was targeted by SA-14(Gremlin)
missile.
*. Since the jet was a civilian target, it will be considered as
terrorism
*. The wing was damaged, but the 3 man crew managed to land the
jet safely at Baghdad airport.
Date: 24 August 2004 'The twin- Suicide Sabotage'
Type
of airline / aircraft: Sibir Airlines, Tu-154
Flight No.: 1047
Type of attack: Aerial suicide mission
No. of attackers: 1
No. of passengers/crew/total: 46
Destination: Domestic flight
Bound for Volgograd from Domodedovo Airport
Terrorists identification:
'The Islambouli Brigades'- affiliated to Chechnyan terrorists
Terrorist
demands: ------
Casualties / Injuries: All 45 Passengers and crew
were murdered
Incident results /remarks:
*.A hijack alert was
activated before the crash.
*.The female suicide bomber who boarded the Tu
154 jet was a Chechean named S.Dzhebirkhnova got on board with an explosive belt
wrapped around herself.
*.The 2 aircraft exploded in mid-air nearly simultaneously
*.Remains of explosives (Hexogen, also known as RDX), were found among the jet's
remains
*.All passengers and crew were murdered.
Date: 24 August 2004 'The twin- Suicide Sabotage'
Type
of airline / aircraft: Volga-Avia express Airlines Tu-134
Flight No.:
1303
Type of attack: Aerial suicide mission
No. of attackers:
1
No. of passengers/crew/total:41
Destination: Domestic
flightBound for Sochi from Domodedovo Airport
Terrorists identification:
'The Islambouli Brigades'- affiliated to Chechnyan Terrorists
Terrorist
demands: -------
Casualties / Injuries: All 40 Passengers and crew
were murdered
Incident results /remarks:
*.A hijack alert was activated
before the crash.
*. The female suicide bomber who boarded the Tu 134 jet
was a Chechean named Aminat Nagayva, 27 got on board with an explosive belt wrapped
around herself, after buying the flying ticket I hour before departure, paying
in cash.
*. One of Aminat's brothers had been arrested in the past by Russian
soldiers, and never returned to his home
*.Remains of Explosives (Hexogen,
also known as RDX), were found among the Jet remains
*.The 2 aircraft exploded
in mid-air nearly simultaneously. 'Islambuli Brigades' was named after Egyptian
President Sadat's assassin, Islambuli.
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